°ê¤p¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¬ÛÃö©Ê±´¨s
³¯«T¿«¡B±ç¨|ºû
°ê¥ß°ª¶¯®v½d¤j¾Ç¤u·~¬ì§Þ±Ð¨|¾Ç¨t¬ã¨s¥Í
ºKn
¥»¬ã¨s¥D¦®¬°±´°Q°ê¤p¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°²{ªp¡A¨Ã¶i¤@¨BÁA¸Ñ¤GªÌ¤§ÃöÁp©Ê¡C´Á±æÂǦ¹¬ã¨s¯à§@¬°®aªø¹ï¾Çµ£±q¨Æ¾\Ū¬¡°Ê¤§°Ñ¦Ò¡C¥»¬ã¨s¥H°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¬°¬ã¨s¹ï¶H¡Aµo¥X°Ý¨÷175¥÷¡A¦^¦¬165¥÷¡A¦^¦¬²v94.29%¡A±Æ°£µL®Ä°Ý¨÷«á¡A¦³®Ä°Ý¨÷¦@p153¥÷¡A¦¨®Ä¦û87.43%¡A½Õ¬dµ²ªG±Ä¥Î´yz²Îp»P¬ÛÃö¤ÀªRÅçÃÒÅܶµ¶¡ªºÃö«Y¡AÀò±o¤U¦Cµ²½×¡G
¤@¡B¾ãÅé¦Ó¨¥¡A¾Çµ£ªº¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v¨}¦n¡A¤CºØ¾\Ū¦aÂI¤¤¥H¡u®a¸Ì¡v¬°³Ì¦h¡C
¤G¡Bªñ60%¾Çµ£¨C¾Ç´Á¾\Ū11¥»¥H¤Wªº½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»x¡F54¢H¾Çµ£¨C¬P´Á·|¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]¡u1¡Ð2¦¸¡v¡C
¤T¡B¾Çµ£©ó¤W½Ò´Á¶¡¤Î°²¤é©Î´H¡B´»°²´Á¶¡¡A¾\Ū¥H¡u30¡Ð60¤ÀÄÁ¡v©~¦h¡A¥®É¡u°µ§¹¾Ç®Õ¥\½Ò«á¡v¬°¦h¼Æ¾Çµ£¾\Ū½Ò¥~®ÑÄyªº®É¶¡¡A¾Çµ£©ó¦Ò¸Õ´Á¶¡¾\Ū¶q·|¤ñ¥±`´Á¶¡¤Î´H¡B´»°²´Á¶¡¤Ö¡C
¥|¡B¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·U¦n¡A¤º¦b°Ê¾÷»P¥~Åã¦æ¬°·U¨Î¡A¥»¬ã¨s¦h¼Æ¾Çµ£¹ï©ó¾\Ū¨ã¦³¨}¦n¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡A¬G¾\Ū®É¶¡©M¼Æ¶q¸û¦h¡A¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ªºÀW²v¤]¸û°ª¡C
ÃöÁä¦r: ®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡B¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡B¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s
³ü¡Bºü½×
¤@¡B¬ã¨s½t°_
¦bª¾ÃѸgÀÙ¦~¥N¤¤¡A¾\Ū¤O¬O¨M©wÓ¤HÄvª§¤OªºÃöÁä®Ö¤ß¡A¦ý2007¦~³Ì·s¤½¥¬ªº¡u°ê»Ú¾\Ū¯À¾i½Õ¬d(PIRLS)¡v«ü¥X¡A¦b¥þ²y45Ó°ê®a¦a°Ï¤¤¡A»OÆW¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¯à¤O¶È±o22¦W¡A§óÁV¿|ªº¬O¡A»OÆW¾Çµ£¦]¿³½ì¦Ó¨C¤Ñ¾\Ū½Ò¥~Ūª«ªº¤ñ¨Ò¥u¦û24%¡A¥i¨£»OÆW¾Çµ£¤£·R¾\Ū¡C¦p¦¹¡A»OÆWªº¾\Ū±Ð¨|¬O§_¥X²{¤F°ÝÃD¡H§Ú̬O§_¦³¥Î¹ï¤èªk¨Ó±Ð¾É¾Çµ£¡]¤Þ¦Û¤B¹ÅµY¡A2007¡^¡C°ê»Ú¾\Ū¨ó·|¬ã¨sÅã¥Ü¡AYn°ö¾i¾Çµ£¾Ç²ß¯à¤O¡A¾Çµ£¥²¶·±q¾i¦¨¿W¥ß¾\Ū»P¥D°Ê¾\Ūªº²ßºD¶}©l°µ°_¡]¤Ñ¤UÂø»x½s¿è³¡¡A2007¡^¡C
¸g¦X²Õ´(OECD)¨C3¦~Á|¦æ15·³¾Çµ£¯à¤Oµû¦ô´úÅç¡u°ê»Ú¾Ç¥Íµû¶qp¹º(PISA)¡v¡A¦Û2000¦~«á¡AªâÄõ¾Çµ£³sÄò2©¡¦b¾\Ū»P¬ì¾Çµû¤ñ¬°¥@¬É¤§«a¡A¼Æ¾Ç»P¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD«h¦ì©~¥@¬É²Ä¤G(PISA, 2007)¡C¿½´I¤¸¡]2007¡^¥ç«ü¥XªâÄõ¤H¬O¥þ¥@¬É³Ì·R¨ì¹Ï®ÑÀ]ɮѪº¤H¡A¨C¤H¨C¦~¥§¡É17¥»®Ñ¡CªâÄõªñ¤¦¨ªº¤¤¾Ç¥Í¡A³Ì±`±q¨Æªº¥ð¶¢¬¡°Ê¬O¾\Ū¡CªâÄõ¤H³ßÅwŪ®Ñ¬O¨ü¨ì®a®x¼vÅT¡AªâÄõ¤H¦b®a¸Ì¾\Ūªº¶Ç²Î¡A¶Ç©Ó¥|¦Ê¦~¦h¦~¤§¤[¡CªâÄõ¤]½á¤©®a®x±Ð¨|¾Çµ£ªº³d¥ô¡A¾Çµ£¦b¤C·³¤J¾Ç«e¡A¤÷¥À¥i±N¾Çµ£°e¨ì·ÓÅ@¤¤¤ß©Î¾Ç«e¯Z¡A¦ý¤÷¥À¥²¶·t°_¥Dn±Ð¨|³d¥ô¡A¨Ò¦p°ö¾i¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¯à¤O¡B¾Ç²ß¿³½ìµ¥¡]·¨²Q®S¡A2005¡^¡C±qªâÄõ±Ð¨|¨Ò¤l±oª¾¡A®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·|¼vÅT¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C¬xÄõ¡]2008¡^¥ç«ü¥X¡A§â¾Çµ£©ñ¦b¥¿±`Àô¹Ò¸Ì¡A¨S¤H±Ð¥L»¡¸Ü¡A¥L¦ÛµM·|»¡¸Ü¡AY¨S¤H±Ð¥L¾\Ū¡A«h¤£·|»{ÃѦr¡C¦Ó¾\Ū¬O§l¦¬¸ê°Tªº§Ö³t¤èªk¡A¦b¹êÅç¤W±oª¾¬Ý¤ñÅ¥³t«×§Ö¤T¿¡AnÅý¾Çµ£ªº¤j¸£²ßºD³B²z¤å¦r°T®§¡A¤~¯à§Ö³t§l¦¬¸ê°T¡C¥Ñ¤Wz¤G¨Ò¥iª¾¡A¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°»P®a®x®§®§¬ÛÃö¡C¦]¦¹Y±ý¾i¦¨¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū²ßºD¡A¤÷¥À¥²¶·´£¨Ñ¾Çµ£¥i¨Ì´`ªº¼Ò¦¡¨å½d¡A¦Û¨«O«ù¾\Ū²ßºD¡A¨Ï¾Çµ£¦ÛµMı±o¾\Ū¬O¥Í¬¡ªº¤@³¡¤À¡A¦Ó¤÷¥Àªº¹ªÀy»P«ü¾É¥i¨Ï¾Çµ£§JªA¾\Ū¤¤©Ò¹J¨ìªº²~ÀV¡AÅý¾\Ū§Þ¥©¶i¨B¡A¾Çµ£¤]·|±N¤÷¥À¦æ¬°»PºA«×¶i¦æ¤º¤Æ¡A¶i¦Ó¼vÅT»{ª¾µo®i»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªí²{¡A¦¨¬°¾\Ūªº·R¦nªÌ¡]¶ÀÄÖ¼ü¡BªL´f®S¡A2004¡F¿àb¬Â¡A2006¡^¡C
¤G¡B¬ã¨s¥Øªº
¥»¬ã¨s±N¥H°ê¤º¥~¬ÛÃö¤åÄm¨Ó±´¨s¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡AÀÀ¥H°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p¤¡B¤»¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¬°¹ï¶H¡A±Ä¥Î°Ý¨÷½Õ¬d¤è¦¡¨Ó±´¨Dµ²ªG¡C¥»¬ã¨s¨ãÅé¥Øªº¦p¤U¡G
¡]¤@¡^ÁA¸Ñ°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£ªº®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡C
¡]¤G¡^¤ÀªR°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C
¡]¤T¡^±´°Q°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº¬ÛÃö©Ê¡C
¤T¡B¦WµüÄÀ¸q
¡]¤@¡^®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò(Home Literary Environment)
¤D«ü¤÷¥À»P®a®x¦¨ûªº¾\Ū²ßºD¤Î¬°¤l¤k¦w±Æ©Ò¦³¬ÛÃö¾\Ūªº±¡¹Ò¡C¨ä¤º®e¥]¬A¤U¦C¤TÓ¼h±¡C
1.®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡G«ü¦³Ãö¤÷¥À¡B¥S§Ì©j©fµ¥®a¤Hªº¾\Ū¤@¤Á²ßºD¡B¦æ¬°¡C
2.¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡G«ü¤÷¥À»P¤l¤k¦@¦P°Ñ»P¾\Ū¤¬°Ê»P°Q½×±¡§Î¡Aµ¥¦P©ó¿Ë¤l¦@Ū²ßºD¡B¿Ë¤l¾\Ū¤¬°Ê¡B¿Ë¤l¦ñŪ¡C
3.®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡G®a®x¤¤¦³Ãö¾\Ūªº¥ô¦ó¯À§÷©Îª««~¡C
¡]¤G¡^¾\Ū¦æ¬°(Reading
Behavior)
«ü¦³Ãö¾\Ū¤º¦bªº©Î¥~Å㪺¤@¤Á¬¡°Ê¡C¤À¬°¤º¦b°Ê¾÷»P¥~Åã¦æ¬°¤G¼h±¡A»¡©ú¦p¤U¡C
1.¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡G«ü¾Çµ£¤º¤ß¤¤¹ï©ó½Ò¥~¾\Ū³ß·Rªºµ{«×»P¯u¹ê·P¨ü¡C
2.¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡G«ü¾Çµ£±q¨Æ¾\Ū©Òªí²{¥X¨Óªº¦æ¬°¡A¥]§t¾\Ū¦aÂI¡B®É¶¡¡B¼Æ¶q»P¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡C
¶L¡B¤åÄm±´°Q
¤@¡B®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò
°ê¥~¬ÛÃö¤åÄmµo²{¡A®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·|¼vÅT¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¯à¤O(Britto & Brooks¡ÐGunn, 2001¡FShapiro, 1994)¡B¾\Ūª¾ÃÑ(Shapiro, 1994)¡B¾\ŪªºÀW²v(Giordano, 1997)¡B¾\Ū²z¸Ñ¤O(Steensel, 2006)¡B¦r·J»{ÃѪº¦h¹è(Burgess, Hecht, & Lonigan, 2002¡FSteensel, 2006)»P±Ð¨|¦¨´N(Gorman & Yu, 1990)µ¥¡C§d©ys¡]2002¡^¬ã¨s¥çµo²{¡A®a®xÀô¹Ò¤¤ªº¾\Ū®ðª^©M²ßºD¡B¤÷¥ÀÃö¤ß¾Çµ£¾Ç·~©M´Á±æ¹ï»{¦r©M¾\Ū²z¸Ñ¦³ÅãµÛªº¬ÛÃö©Ê¡C°ê»Ú¾\Ū¨ó·|³ø¾É«ü¥X¡A»P¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦¨´N³Ì¦³Ãö«YªºÀô¹Ò±ø¥ó¬O¡u¦b®a¤¤ªº¾\Ū¡v±¡§Î¡AY®a¤¤¦¨¤H¸g±`¾\Ū¡B³ßÅw¾\Ū¡A¥B®a¤¤¦³Â×´IªºÂîѶq¡A¨Ï¾Çµ£±q¤p´N±µÄ²¾\Ū¡A·|«P¨Ï¾Çµ£¾i¦¨¾\Ūªº²ßºD¡]¤Þ¦Û¶À¬üµD¡A2008¡^¡C
®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò©w¸q¬O«ü¤÷¥À´£¨Ñ¾Çµ£Åª¼g§÷®Æ»P¤Þ¾É¤Î¹ªÀy¾Çµ£¾\Ū¡A¥H§Q¾Çµ£¦´ÁŪ¼g¯à¤OµÞµoªº¤ä«ù±¡§Î¡]¶À±Ó¨q¡A2002¡^¡C½²¬ü»T¡]2005¡^«h»{¬°®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¬O«ü¦b®a®x¤¤¡A¤÷¥À¦Û¨¤§¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤Î¬°¤l¤k¦w±Æ¤§©Ò¦³¾\Ū±¡¹Ò¦Ó¨¥¡C¤£¦P¾ÇªÌ¹ï®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤ÀÃþ¤£ºÉ¬Û¦P¡A¤jP¥i¤À¦¨®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡]¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F½²¬ü»T¡A2005¡F¿àb¬Â¡A2006¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003¡^¡B¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡B®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡]©Pªé½Ë¡A2005¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F¶À±Ó¨q¡A2002¡F½²¬ü»T¡A2005¡F¿àb¬Â¡A2006¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003¡^¡B®aªøªÀ¸g¦a¦ì(¶À±Ó¨q¡A2002)¡B¤÷¥À¿Ëªº±Ð¨|´Á±æ¡]Á¬üÄ_¡A2003¡^¡B¤÷¥À¹ï¾\Ūªº¤ä«ù«×¡]©Pªé½Ë¡A2005¡^¡B¹ï¤l¤k±Ð¨|ªºÃö¤ß¡B®a®x¥ð¶¢¤å¤Æ¤Î®a®x»y¨¥Àô¹Ò¡]½²¬ü»T¡A2005¡^µ¥¡C
Âk¯Ç¤Wz¤åÄm¡A¥»¬ã¨s±N®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¦]¯ÀÂk¯Ç¬°®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡B¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡B®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡A¯÷¤Àz¦p¤U¡C
¡]¤@¡^®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD
¬xÄõ¡]2008¡^»{¬°°ö¾i¾\Ū²ßºD¡A¥iÅý¾Çµ£¾Ö¦³¤@½ú¤l¨É¥Î¤£ºÉªº¤u¨ã¡C´¿§Ó®Ô¡]2000¡^¥ç»{¬°¦h¤¸´¼¼zn¦¨¥\¡A³Ì«nªº¤@ÂI¬O¾Çµ£n¦³¾\Ū²ßºD¡A¦³¨}¦n¾\Ū²ßºD¡A¥i°ö¾i¾Çµ£ªº«ä¦Ò¯à¤O¡A¤S¥i¼W¥[ª¾ÃѯÀ¾i»P³Ð³y¤O¡C¦b¬ì§ÞÄvª§¿E¯Pªº21¥@¬ö¡A¾\Ū²ßºDªº¾i¦¨¬O«Ü«nªº¨Æ¡C¥B®a®x¬O¾Çµ£²Ä¤@Ó±µÄ²¨ìªº¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡A¾Çµ£¾\Ū²ßºDªº¾i¦¨¨ü¤÷¥À¼vÅT¬Æ»· ¡]§dºø¡A2002¡F©P§¡¨|¡A2002¡^¡A¦]¦¹¤÷¥À¥²¶·±aÀY¾\Ū¡A¦P®É¤]µ¹¤©¾Çµ£¨}¦nªº¾\ŪÀô¹Ò©M®ðª^¡A¥H«Ø¥ß¾\Ū®Ñ»®a®x¡]§dºø¡A2002¡^¡A¨Ï¾Çµ£¾i¦¨°·¥þªº¾\Ū²ßºD¡C
¬ÛÃö¤åÄm«ü¥X¡A¦b®a®x¤è±¡AY¤÷¥À©Î®a¤H¦³¾\Ū²ßºD¡A³£·|Åý®a¤¤ªº¾Çµ£Ä±±o¾\Ū¬O«Ü¥±`¡B¦ÛµMªº¨Æ¡A¹ï¾Çµ£ªº½Ò¥~¾\Ū·|²£¥Í¼vÅT¡A¨Ï¾Çµ£¦¨¬°¾\Ūªº·R¦nªÌ¡]¶¾¬îµÓ¡A2000¡F
¥Ñ¤Wz¤åÄm¥iª¾¡A¾\Ū²ßºDªº¾i¦¨¡A¦³¿à¤÷¥Àªº°ö¾i»P¥I¥X¡AY¤÷¥À¿Ë©Î®a¤H³£³ßÅw¤Î²ßºD¾\Ū¡A¥²µM·|´£¨Ñ¾Çµ£³\¦h¾\Ū¤èªk»P¸ê°T¡A¾Çµ£¦b¦ÕÀá¥Ø¬V¦b¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤¤¡A¦ÛµM´N·|³ßÅw¾\Ū¡A±q¾\Ū¤¤Àò±oª¾ÃÑ»P¯à¤O¡C
¡]¤G¡^¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū
¤À¨É¾\Ū(shared¡Ðbook reading)³Ì¦¬O¥Ñ Holdaway (1979)´£¥X¡A¬O±qÆ[¹î¤÷¥À©M¾Çµ£¾\Ūªº¤è¦¡¡Aµo²{¤÷¥ÀY¤@ÃäŪ¬G¨Æ¡A¤@ÃäÅý¾Çµ£§ä¤@§ä¡B»¡¤@»¡®Ñ¤¤ªº¤H¡B¨Æ¡Bª«©Î¦r¡A¦b´r®®ªº¾\Ū®ðª^¤¤¡A±N®Ñ¤¤·§©À»P¦rµ¡Ð¦r§Îª¾Ãѱоɵ¹¾Çµ£¡A¥iÅý¾Çµ£¦b¾\Ū¤¤²ß±oª¾ÃÑ¡CAnonymous (2007)«ü¥X¤À¨É¾\Ū¬O«ü¦¨¤H»P¾Çµ£¦@¦P¾\Ū®ÑÄy¡A¨Ãµ½¥Î¦hºØ¤èªk»P§Þ¥©±Ð¾É¾Çµ£¾\Ū¡C¡u¥þ°ê¨àµ£¾\Ū¶g¾\Ū¤â¥U¡v±N¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¸ÑÄÀ¦¨¥þ®a¤@°_¨Ó¾\Ū¡A¤]¥i¥H»¡¬O®a®xŪ®Ñ·|¡]±Ð¨|³¡¡A2001¡^¡C±i®¶ªâ¡]2006¡^¤]»{¬°¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ūªº¹Lµ{¤£¥u¬O¤÷¥À°á¡B¾Çµ£Å¥¡A¬O»Ýnªº¬O·¾³q¡B¤À¨É·N¨£¡BªÏÅé»y¨¥©M¥Í°Ê¦³½ìªº»¡¬G¨Æ§Þ¥©¡A¿Ë¤l¶¡¬Û»²¬Û¦¨¡C·N§Y¤À¨É¾\Ūªº¥Dn·§©À¬O¿Ë¤l¶¡¶i¦æ®ÑÄy°Q½×»P·¾³q¡]¤ýã¯]¡A2004¡^¡C
¬xÄõ¡]2007¡^«ü¥X¥Ø«e³¡¥÷ºÃ¦ü¦³ª`·N¤O¯Ê¥¢©M¹L°Ê(ADD/ADHD)ªº¾Çµ£¡A¬O°²©Êªºª`·N¤O¯Ê¥¢©M¹L°Ê¡A¸gÆ[¹îµo²{³o¨Ç¾Çµ£³£¦³¤@¶µ¯S¼x¡Ð¤£³ßÅw¾\Ū¡C¦Ó¬xÄõ»{¬°¥un§Q¥Îº¥¶i¦¡ªº¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¨Ó°ö¾i±Mª`¤O¡A§Y¥i¸Ñ¨M¦¹°ÝÃD¡C²z½×¨Ì¾Ú¬O¦]¾\Ū¥i°ö¾i¾Çµ£ªº±Mª`¤O¡AŪ®ÑY¤£±M¤ß¡A²´·ú´N·|¬Ý¿ù¡BŪ¿ù©Î¸õ¦æ¡C¦]¦¹n°ö¾i¾Çµ£ªº±Mª`¤O¡A°õ¦æ¤W¨Ã¤£§xÃø¡A¥i¹B¥Î¤Wz¬xÄõ©Ò«Øijªºº¥¶i¦¡¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡A¤@¶}©l¥ý°áµuµu´X¤ÀÄÁªº¬G¨Æ®Ñµ¹¾Çµ£Å¥¡A¨Ã¥Î¤â«üµÛ¦r¡A¤@Ó¤@Ó¦r°á¹L¥h¡A°V½m¾Çµ£±Mª`¦b®Ñ¥»ªº¯à¤O¡AµM«á³vº¥©Ôªø®É¶¡¡A´£¤É¾Çµ£ªº±Mª`¤O¡C
¤ý¹ÅÀs¡]2001¡^¥ç«ü¥X¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ūªº¤è¦¡¡AÀHµÛ¦~ÄÖ¼h¡]¥®¨à¨ì12·³¡^¼Wªø¡A¨Ï¥Î¾\Ūµ¦²¤¤]¦³©Ò¤£¦P¡C¦b«Ä´£®É¡A¥i¨Ï¥Î¬xÄõ©Ò´£¥Xªºº¥¶i¦¡¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡F¶i¤J°ê¤p¶¥¬q«á¡A¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¥i¥Î¤Uz¹ê¬Iµ¦²¤¡C
1.¿ï¾Ü¨}¦nªº¾\Ū®ÑÄy¡G©Ò¿×¡u¤u±ýµ½¨ä¨Æ¡A¥²¥ý§Q¨ä¾¹¡v¡An¦³Àu¨}±Ð§÷¤~¯à¹F¨ì¨Æ¥b¥\¿¡A¤÷¥À¥i¥H¨C¤ë¿ï¤@¤Ñ±aµÛ¾Çµ£¥h®Ñ§½¡A¨Ì¾Ú¾Çµ£ªº¦~ÄÖ¼h¡A¿ï¾Ü¾A·íªº®ÑÄy¡]¤è´f¥Í¡A2002¡F³¯¤å¦N¡A2007¡F´¿´Ü¼w¡A2002¡^¡C
2.§G¸m¨}¦nªº¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡G¾Çµ£³ßÅw¼Ò¥é¤j¤H¡AY¬Ý¨ì¤÷¥À©Î®a¤H¦b¬z¬z¦³¨ýªº¬Ý®Ñ¡A¾Çµ£¤]·|¨ü¨ì¼vÅT¡A¤÷¥À¥i¦b®a¤¤§G¸m¤@¶¡¾\Ū«Ç©ÎªÌÀ°¾Çµ£©Ð¶¡§G¸m¦¨®Ñ©Ðªº¼Ë¤l¡AÅý©Ð¶¡¥Rº¡¤F®Ñ¨ý¡AÅý¾Çµ£¦³³\¦h®Ñ¥i¥H¬Ý¡]¤è´f¥Í¡A2002¡F³¯¤å¦N¡A2007¡F´åºÖ¥Í¡A2001¡^¡C
3.µ½¥[§Q¥Î¡u¾Ç²ß«¬®a®x¤â¥U¡v¡G³o¬O¥Ñ±Ð¨|³¡½s¦Lªº¤@¥»¨ó§U®a®x¾\Ū¾Ç²ß¤â¥U¡A¿¤¥«¤å¤Æ§½®a®x±Ð¨|ªA°È¤¤¤ß¬Ò¦³³Æ¥÷¨Ñ¤H¯Á¨ú¡A®aªø¥i¥H°Ñ¦Ò¨ä¤¤ªº°µªk¡A°µ¬°¾\Ūªº«ü¾É¡]¤è´f¥Í¡A2002¡^¡C
4.¹CÀ¸¤Æ¾Ç²ß¡G¾Çµ£ªºª`·N¤O®É¶¡¸ûµu¡A¦b«ü¾É¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦P®É¡A¥þ®a¥i¤@°_°Q½×¡A¿ï¥X´X¥»¦n®Ñ¡AµM¥H¶°Åé®Ô»w©Î¨¤¦â§êºtªº¤è¦¡±N¾\Ūªº¤º®eªí²{¥X¨Ó¡AÅý¾\Ū¥i¥HÅܱo¥Í°Ê¬¡¼â¡]³¯¤å¦N¡A2007¡F´¿´Ü¼w¡A2002¡^¡C
5.¥þ®a©w´Á¦w±Æ¤å¤Æ¬¡°Ê¡G¥þ®a¤H¨C¤ë¯à¦w±Æ¦Ü¤Ö¤@¦¸¨ì¹Ï®ÑÀ]©Î¤å¤Æ§½¾\Ū³ø³¹Âø»x¡B¬Ý®iÄý¡BɮѩÎÁٮѡAµ½¥ÎªÀ°Ï¤å¤Æ¸ê·½¡AÅý®a®x¥Í¬¡ª`¤J¤å¤Æªº®ð®§¡]¤è´f¥Í¡A2002¡^¡C
6.ºÉ¦±µÄ²¨Ã«ù¤§¥H«í¡G³\¦h¤÷¥À³£»{¬°À¦¥®¨à®É´Á¡A¥®µ£µLªkÅ¥À´®Ñ¥»¤º®e¡A¨ä¹ê¤£µM¡A¥®µ£·|¤j²´·úÅ¥¤÷¥À¿Ë°á®Ñ¡A³o®É¥®µ£¤w¸g¶}©l¦b¾Ç²ß»y¨¥¤Î²z¸Ñ¯à¤O¤F¡A¥un¨C¤Ñ°í«ù¾\Ū¡A´N·|²£¥Í§@¥Î¡C¦b±Ð¾É¾Çµ£¾Ç²ß¾\Ū¨Ã«D¤@IJ¥i¤Î¡A¥²¶·ªø®É¶¡¤£Â_§V¤O¡A¨Ï¾Çµ£»{ÃѦr¡A¶i¦Ó¾\Ū¬Ý®Ñ¡]³¯¤å¦N¡A2007¡F´¿´Ü¼w¡A2002¡^¡C
¬ÛÃö¬ã¨sµo²{¨}¦nªº¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡A¹ï¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ūªí²{¦³µÛ¥¿±¼vÅT¡]§d¾Ë©÷¡A2004¡F©Pªé½Ë¡A2006¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003¡FCrowe, 2000¡FMansell, Evans & Hamilton¡ÐHulak, 2005¡FRasinski,
1994¡^¡F¨Ãµo²{¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¼vÅT¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¯à¤O(Mason, 1990)¡B»y¨¥µo®i(Anonymous, 2007¡FCrowe, 2000¡FMason, 1990¡FWeigel, Martin & Bennett, 2006)¡Bª¾ÃѲ߱o¡B¾\Ū¿³½ìªº°ö¾i(Weigel et al., 2006)¡Bª`·N¤O¡BŪ¼gªºµo®i(Crowe,
2000¡FMason, 1990)»P·¾³q¯à¤O(Skotko, Koppenhaver, & Erickson, 2004)µ¥¡C³\ºÑ¾±¡]2001¡^¬ã¨sµo²{¡A¤j¦h¼Æ¡]66.1%¡^¾Çµ£³ÌÄ@·N©M¤÷¥À¤À¨É³ßÅwªº®ÑÄyµ¥¾\Ū¬ÛÃöªº¬¡°Ê¡A¦Ó¥B¤÷¥À°Ñ»P¾Çµ£¾\Ū¬¡°Ê¯à´£ª@¾Çµ£¾\Ūªº°Ê¾÷»P¿³½ì¡A¤÷¥ÀÀ³ÀHµÛ¾Çµ£¦~ÄÖ¼Wªø¡Aªá§ó¦h®É¶¡ÂX®i¾Çµ£¾\Ū¬¡°Êªº¤º®e»P½d³ò¡CªâÄõªº¤÷¥À¿Ë¥ç±q¾Çµ£¥®¨à®É´Á¡A´N¦³°á³øµ¹¾Çµ£Å¥ªº²ßºD¡AÅý¾Çµ£¦b®a¸ÌºØ¤U³ß·R¾\ŪªººØ¤l¡]·¨²Q®S¡A2005¡^¡C
ºî¤W©Òz¡A¤÷¥À¿Ë¬O¤Þ»â¾Çµ£¶i¤J¾\Ūªº«n¤Hª«¡A¤÷¥À¥²¶·¥Î¤ß¸gÀç¡A¦b¾Çµ£«Ä´£®É¡A´N»Ý¶i¦æ¤À¨É¾\Ū¡A¶i¤J°ê¤p¶¥¬q«á§ón¾A®É¡B¾A¤Á±Ð¾É¾Çµ£¾\Ū¡A¦b¤À¨É¾\Ūªº¹Lµ{¤¤¡A¤£¦ý¼W¶i¿Ë¤l¶¡±¡·P¡A¥çÅý¤÷¥À²M·¡¾Çµ£ªº¾Ç²ß±¡ªp¡C®aªøÀ³³W¹º¤@Ӯɬq¡A¨C¤Ñ»P¥þ®a¤H¤@°_¾\Ū¡A¾Çµ£¥²·|¦¨¬°¾\Ūªº·R¦nªÌ¡C
¡]¤T¡^®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½
®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½«üªº¬O®a¤¤´£¨Ñ¾Çµ£¾\Ūªºª«½è¸ê·½¡A¤Îµ¹¤©³\¦h¤å¤Æ°Ñ»Pªº¾÷·|¡]¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡^¡C¾\Ū¸ê·½¥]§t¦r¨å©Î¨ä¥L¬ÛÃö®ÑÄy¥]¬AqÂø»x¡B³ø¯È¡B¦Ê¬ì¥þ®Ñ¡B¹Ï®Ñµ¥¡]½²¬ü»T¡A2005¡^¡F¦Óµ{Ĺš]2005¡^±N®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½°µ¸Ô²Óªº¤ÀÃþ¡A敍z¦p«á¡C
1.¹Ï®Ñ¡G«ü¥Xª©¿Ë¤l¬ÛÃöªº¥Xª©ªÀ¡A¦p¤HÃþ¡B¤j¿o¡B¤Tªö¡B¤p¤Ñ¤U¡BªáºX¡B«H½Ë¡B®æªL¡B·s]¡B»·¬y¡Bº~Ánµ¥¹Ï®Ñ¡C
2.Âø»x¡G±`¨£ªº¨àµ£Âø»x¡A¦pTaiwan NewÂù»y°ê¤p³ø¡BTOMA¡DTOMA¡B¤H¥»±Ð¨|¥¾°O¡B¤p¤p¤Ñ¦a¡B¤p§@®a¡B¤û¹y¡B¥®·à¤Ö¦~¡B¬ì¾Ç¤ë¥Z¡B°ê»y¤é³ø¶g¥Z¡B°ê»y¤ë¥Z¡B¾Ç«e±Ð¨|µ¥¡C
3.ºô¸ô¡G¬°2002¦~Àò¼úªºÀu½è¨àµ£ºô¯¸¡A¨Ò¦p¨àµ£¤å¤ÆÀ]¡B¤pªe¨àµ£¤å¾Ç±Ð«Ç¡B¥ú´_§Ö¼Ö¾Ç¶é¡B¥¼¨Ó¤p¤l«¢®Ñºô¡B°ê»y¤é³ø¨àµ£ºôµ¥¡C
4.¹q¤l®Ñ¡G¥]¬A즳ªº¹q¸£¹CÀ¸³nÅé¡A¹q¤l®Ñ©y¿ï¾Üµu½g¤å³¹ªº¾\Ū¤è¦¡¡A¨Ò¦p°ê¤ºªº¤p¾|¹q¤l®Ñ¡B°ê¥~ªºTumbleBooks¹q¤l®Ñ¡C
5.¬Ý®Ñ¥h¡G¦U¿¤¥«¥ß¹Ï®ÑÀ]¡B¶mÂí¹Ï®ÑÀ]¡B¬¡°Ê¤¤¤ß¡B¤å¤Æ¤¤¤ß¡B¦U¯Å¾Ç®Õ¹Ï®ÑÀ]µ¥¡C
®Ú¾Ú¤Wz®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½ªº¤ÀÃþ¡AªL®¶¬K¡]2001¡^»{¬°¤÷¥ÀÀ³À°¾Çµ£¿ï¾Ü¾\Ū¸ê·½¥i¤À¦¨¤TÓ¶¥¬q¨Ó°Q½×¡A1.¾ÇÄÖ«e¶¥¬q¡AÀ°¾Çµ£¿ï¾Ü¹Ïµe®Ñ¡Bø¥»¡C2.°ê¤p¶¥¬q¡A¿ï¾Ü¨àµ£º©®Ñ¡B´J¨¥¬G¨Æ¡C3.°ê¤¤¶¥¬q¡A·V¿ï¨¥±¡¡B°»±´¡BªZ«L¤p»¡¡C
°ê¤º¥~¾ÇªÌ¡]©Pªé½Ë¡A2006¡F¶ÀÄÖ¼ü¡BªL´f®S¡A2004¡F½²¬ü»T¡A2005¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003¡FLeffert, & Jackson, 1998¡^¬ã¨sµo²{¡A¾\Ū¸ê·½¬O¦³¤@©wªº«n©Ê¡A¾\Ū¸ê·½·UÂ×´I¡A¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ūªºªí²{·|·U¦n¡C±iÄR¶³»P¸¥ü¸R¡]2006¡^¥Ñ¤åÄm¤ÀªR¤¤±oª¾®a®xªÀ¸g¦a¦ì¸û°ªªÌ¡A©Ò±o¨ìªºª«½è¸ê·½»Pª÷¿ú¨ÑÀ³·U¥R¨¬¡A¸û¯à¶ì³y¨}¦nªº¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡C¶¾¬îµÓ¡]2000¡^«ü¥X¡A¤÷¥À¬O§êºt¾Çµ£½Ò¥~¾\Ū¬¡°ÊªººÊ·þªÌ»P¨Mµ¦ªÌ¡A¥®É¬°¤l¤k¿ï®Ñ¡B¶R®Ñ¡A¼vÅT¤l¤k¬O§_ªá¶O¹L¦hªº®É¶¡¦b½Ò¥~¾\Ū¤W¡C
Âk¯Ç¤Wz¬ã¨s¡A¥iµo²{¨âÂI¡C¨ä¤@¡A®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½ªº½T¼vÅT¾Çµ£¾\Ū±¡§Î¡A¤÷¥À»Ýn¦w±ÆµÎ¾A¡B²z·Qªº®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡A¦b®a¤¤nÂ\³]³\¦h®ÑÄy¤Î³ø³¹Âø»x¡AÅý¾Çµ£¦³³\¦h¾÷·|±µÄ²®Ñ¥»¡B¤å¦r¡B¹Ïµe¡AÅý¾Çµ£·Pı¬Ý®Ñ¬O«Ü¥±`ªº¨Æ¡C¨ä¤G¡A®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò²`¨ü¤÷¥À¤Î®a¤Hªº¼vÅT¡C¤÷¥À¥»¨Y¦³¨}¦n¾\Ū²ßºD¡Aª`«¨±Ð¡B¨¥±Ð»P«ü¾É¾Çµ£¤À¨É¾\Ū¡A¨Ã´£¨Ñ¾Çµ£Â×´Iªº¾\Ū¸ê·½¡A¤£Â_µ¹¤©¾Çµ£¹ª勵©MÃöÃh¡A¾Çµ£·|¨ü¤÷¥Àªº¼vÅT¡A¥²©w¥i¥H¼W¶i¾Çµ£¹ï¾\讀ªº¿³½ì»P³ß·R¡C
¤G¡B¾\Ū¦æ¬°
¦æ¬°(behavior)¬O¤ß²z¾Ç«n¦Wµü¤§¤@¡A¦ý¦æ¬°©w¸qªº¬É©w¬Û·í¤À§Á¡C®Ú¾Ú±i¬K¿³¡]1992¡^¤§±i¤ó¤ß²z¾ÇÃã¨å±N¦æ¬°¤À¦¨¥|ºØ¤£¦Pªº²[¸q¡A¦b¶Ç²Î行¬°論ªÌ±N行¬°¬É©w¬°¥iÆ[´úªº¥~Åã行¬°¡F¦b·s行¬°論ªÌ»{¬°¥iÆ[¹î¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡A¤]¥i¥]§t¤ºÁô©Êªº·N識歷µ{¡F¦b»{ª¾論ªÌ±N行¬°µø¬°¤ß理ªí¼xªº歷µ{¡A¸û不«µø¥~Åã¥i´úªº行¬°¡F¦b¤ß理¾Ç¤Wªº¼s¸q¥Îªk¡A¥]¬A¤º¦bªº¡B¥~¦bªº¡B·N識ªº»P¼ç·N識ªº¤@切¬¡°Ê¡C
®Ú¾Ú¤Wz²z½×¡A¥H¤Uºî¦X¾ã²z¦U¾ÇªÌ¹ï¾\Ū¦æ¬°©Ò°µªº¶i¤@¨B©w¸q¡C±i©É´@¡]2003¡^»{¬°¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡A¥]§t©Ò¦³»P¾\Ū¦³Ãö¤º¦bªº¡B¥~Å㪺¤@¤Á¬¡°Ê¡A¤À¦¨¾\Ūªº¤º¦b°Ê¾÷(motivation)»P¥~Åã¦æ¬°ªí²{(performance)¤GÃþ¡A¬O±´°Q¾\ŪªÌ±q¨Æ¾\Ū¦L¨ê´CÅ骺ªí²{»PÀW²v¡]¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡^¡A¶i¤@¨BÁA¸Ñºû«ùÓÅé¾\Ū¬¡°Ê¡A«P¨Ï¾\Ū¬¡°Ê´Â¦VÓÅé©Ò³]©w¥Ø¼Ð¶i¦æªº¤º¦b¤ß²z¾úµ{¡]¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡^¡C¯ÎÄRÃY(2007)±N¾\讀行¬°¸ÑÄÀ¬°¾Çµ£¹ê»Ú±q¨Æ¾\讀ªº¥~Åã行¬°¡A¬O¤º¦b¤ß理»Ý¨D¤Î¥~¬É¨Æª«¦@¦P¼vÅT©Ò§Î¦¨ªº¡C¶¾¬îµÓ¡]2000¡^¤]«ù¬Û¦Pªº¬Ýªk¡A¼vÅT¾Çµ£½Ò¥~¾\Ū¦æ¬°¦]¯À¦³¤º¦b¼vÅT¦]¯À»P¥~¦b¼vÅT¦]¯À¡C·¨¾å¶²¡]1997¡^¤]´£¥X¼vÅT¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº³ß¦nµ{«×¨ü¨ì¥»¨ªº¤º¦b¯S½è¼vÅT¡A»P¥~¬ÉÀô¹Òªº¤H¡]¹³¤÷¥À¡B®vªø»P¦P¾«¡^¡B¨Æ¡BÓ¤HªºªÀ·|¬¡°Ê¡A¤ÎŪª«ªº¤º®e¡B§e²{¤è¦¡¡BÃþ«¬µ¥¡A¬Ò·|¼vÅTŪªÌ¾\Ū°Ê¾÷ªº§Î¦¨»P¶i¦æ¾\Ūªº¤è¦¡¡C
¹ï©ó¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº¤ÀÃþ¡A¾ÇªÌ¹ï¤ÀÃþ«¬ºA¥ç¤£ºÉ¬Û¦P¡A¥»¬ã¨s±N¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°Âk¯Ç¦p¤U¡G¾\Ū¦aÂI¡]ªL¬üÄÁ¡A2002¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F½²©v¿p¡A2006¡^¡B¾\Ū®É¶¡¡B¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¡]§d¾Ë©÷¡A2004¡FªL¬üÄÁ¡A2002¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F½²©v¿p¡A2006¡F阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡F¼B¨Ø¶³¡B²Äɼü¡B§ºÂ`§Ê¡A2003¡^¡B¾\ŪÀW²v¡]§d¾Ë©÷¡A2004¡FªL¬üÄÁ¡A2002¡F½²©v¿p¡A2006¡F¼B¨Ø¶³µ¥¤H¡A2003¡^©Î¾\Ū¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡]©P§¡¨|¡A2002¡F阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡^¡B¾\Ūªº¤è¦¡¡]ªL¬üÄÁ¡A2002¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡^¡B¾\ŪÃþ§O¡]©P§¡¨|¡A2002¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F¼B¨Ø¶³µ¥¤H¡A2003¡^»P¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡]¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡^¡B³ß¦n½Ò¥~Ūªº¬ÛÃö¾Ç¬ì¡]阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡^¡B®Ñ¥»¨Ó·½¡]¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡^¡B¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡]©P§¡¨|¡A2002¡^¡B¾Ç®Õ¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦P¦ñ¡]½²©v¿p¡A2006¡^µ¥¡C
Âk¯Ç¥H¤W¤åÄm¡A¥»¬ã¨s¨Ì¦h¼Æ¾ÇªÌªº¬Ýªk¡A±N¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤À¦¨¤º¦b°Ê¾÷»P¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡C¥~Åã¦æ¬°¬O«ü¾Çµ£±q¨Æ¾\Ū©Òªí²{¥X¨Óªº¦æ¬°¡A¥]§t¡u¾\Ū¦aÂI¡v¡B¡u¾\Ū®É¶¡¡v¡B¡u¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¡v»P¡u¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡vµ¥¥|¶µ¡C¦Ó¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¤D«ü¾Çµ£¤º¦b¤ß²z¹ï©ó½Ò¥~¾\Ū³ß·Rªºµ{«×»P·P¨ü¡C
¤T¡B®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s
°ê¤º¥~¾ÇªÌ¡]¶À±Ó¨q¡A2002¡F¿àb¬Â¡A2006¡FWeigel et
al., 2006¡^¬ã¨sµ²ªG§¡Åã¥Ü¡A®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¦¨¥¿¬ÛÃö¡C¾ÇªÌ¡]¶¾¬îµÓ¡A2000¡F¶ÀÄÖ¼ü¡BªL´f®S¡A2004¡^¥ç«ü¥X¾Çµ£ªº¾\ŪºA«×¬O¼vÅT¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº¥Dn¦]¯À¡AÅã¥Ü¥X®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\ŪºA«×¦³±K¤ÁÃö³s¡]±iÄR¶³¡B¸¥ü¸R¡A2006¡F¿àb¬Â¡A2006¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003¡FKubis¡A1994¡^¡A¥Ñ¦¹¥iª¾®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡BºA«×¤TªÌ¬O¤¬¬Û¼vÅTªº¡C
®a®x¬O«P¦¨¾Çµ£³ßÅw¾\Ūªºì°Ê¤O¡A¾Çµ£·|±q¤÷¥Àªº¾\Ū²ßºD¤Î®a®x¾\Ū®ðª^¡Aµo®i¥X¦Û¤vªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C¶ÀÄÖ¼ü»PªL´f®S¡]2004¡^¬ã¨s«ü¥X®a®xÀô¹Ò¼h±¤¤ªº®aªø±Ð¨|µ{«×¡B®aªø¾\ŪºA«×¡B¾\Ū®É¶¡¶q¡B®aªø¾\Ūªá¶O¡B¾Çµ£±µÄ²Åªª«ªº¦~ÄÖ¡B¾Çµ£Åªª«ªá¶O©M®a¤¤Åªª«ªºÂîѶq¤§±o¤À»P®aªø¹ï¾Çµ£¾\ŪªººA«×§e²{ÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡AÅã¥Ü®a®xÀô¹Ò·U¨Î¡A¦³§Q¾Çµ£ªº¾\ŪºA«×©M²ßºD¾i¦¨¡CNelson (1996)¤]±j½Õ¤÷¥À©Î®a¤H¥²¶·À°§U¾Çµ£³]p¨}¦n®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡A¾Çµ£¤~¯àµo®i¨}¦nªºÅª¼g¯à¤O»P¤ÏÀ³¥X¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C
ºîÆ[¤Wz¡A±oª¾®aªø·U«µø®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡A¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°·U¨Î¡A¥B¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº¾i¦¨»P«Ä´£®É©Ò«Ø¥ßªº¾\ŪºA«×©M¦æ¬°¦³±K¤ÁÃöÁp©Ê¡C¦]¦¹¦b°ö¾i¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº¹Lµ{¤¤¡A®aªø¶·¥Î¤ß»²¾É¾Çµ£¡A«Ø¥ß¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡A¤~¯àÅý¾Çµ£±q¤p¾i¦¨¾Çµ£¥¿½T¾\Ū¦æ¬°»PºA«×¡C
°Ñ¡B¬ã¨s¤èªk
¤@¡B¬ã¨s¹ï¶H
¥»¬ã¨s±ÄÀH¾÷©â¼Ë¤è¦¡¡A°w¹ï96¾Ç¦~«×¡]¤W¾Ç´Á¥½»P¤U¾Ç´Áªì¡^°ª¶¯¥«°ê¤p¤¡B¤»¦~¯Å¾Çµ£°µ¬°¬ã¨s¹ï¶H¡C¥»°Ý¨÷Á`pµo¥X175¥÷¡A¦^¦¬°Ý¨÷¬°165¥÷¡A¸g¾ã²z«á±N¶ñµª¤£§¹¾ã¤Î³W«h©Ê¶ñµªªÌ¡A§R°£12¥÷µL®Ä¼Ë¥»¡A±o¦³®Ä¼Ë¥»¬°153¥÷¡A¦û87.43%¡A¦@p¨k¥Í68¤H¡B¤k¥Í85¤H¡C
¤G¡B¬ã¨s¤u¨ã
¥»¬ã¨s©Ò¨Ï¥Î¤§¬ã¨s¤u¨ã¡A¬O¥Ñ¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^©Ò½s»s¤§°Ý¨÷¡A¸Ó°Ý¨÷¤À¬°¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¶qªí¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°½Õ¬dªí¡v¤G³¡¥÷¡A»¡©ú¦p¤U¡G
¡]¤@¡^®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¶qªí
¥»¬ã¨s©Ò¨Ï¥Î¤§¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¶qªí¡v¬O±Ä¥Î¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¤§¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¶qªí¡v¡C¨ä°Ý¨÷¤§¬[ºc¤º®e¥Dn°Ñ¦ÒÁ¬üÄ_¡]2003¡^½s»s¤§¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò°Ý¨÷¡v¡C
¥»¶qªí¦@23ÃD¡A¤À¦¨¤TÓ¼h±¡G¡u®a¤Hªº¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v¡B¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v¡C°Ý¨÷¬O±Ä¥ÎLikert¥|µ¥¶qªí¨Ñ¨ü¸ÕªÌ¶ñµª¡C¨Ì¨ü¸ÕªÌ©Ò¤Ä¿ïªºµ¥¯Å¨Óp¤À¡A¡u³£¬O³o¼Ë¡v¥iÀò±o¥|¤À¡A¡u¦³®É³o¼Ë¡v¥i±o¤T¤À¡A¡u«Ü¤Ö³o¼Ë¡v¥i±o¨â¤À¡A¡u±q¤£³o¼Ë¡v¥i±o¤@¤À¡CÁ`¤À¼Æ·U°ª¡Aªí¥Ü®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°·U¦n¡A¤À¼Æ·U§C«h¤Ï¤§¡C
¸Ó¶qªí¸gì§@ªÌ¶i¦æ¦]¯À¤ÀªR«á¡Aµo²{¦UÃDªº¦]¯Àt²ü¶q¬Ò¤j©ó.30¡A¬G¶qªí¤¤23ÃD¥þ¼Æ«O¯d¡C«H«×³¡¤À¡A¤T¼h±¤§£\Ȥ¶©ó.78¦Ü.84¤§¶¡¡AÁ`¶qªí£\È«h¬°.92¡AÅã¥Ü¸Ó¶qªí«H«×¨}¦n¡C
¡]¤G¡^¾\Ū¦æ¬°½Õ¬dªí
¥»¬ã¨s©Ò¨Ï¥Î¤§¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°½Õ¬dªí¡v¬O±Ä¥Î¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¤§¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°½Õ¬dªí¡v¬°¨Ì¾Ú¡A¨ä°Ý¨÷¤§¬[ºc¤º®e¥Dn°Ñ¦Ò2003¦~§ºÂ`§Ê¡B¼B¨Ø¶³¡B²Äɼü©Ò½s»sªº¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°½Õ¬dªí¤Î³X½Íªí¡v¡A¨Ãç°£»P¥»¬ã¨sµLÃöªºÃD¥Ø¡A¥»½Õ¬dªí¦@p17 ÃD¡C¥»¬ã¨s±N¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤À¦¨¡u¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡v¡]¥]§t¾\Ū¦aÂI¡B¾\Ū®É¶¡¡B¾\Ū¼Æ¶q»P¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡^»P¡u¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡v¤G¶µ¶i¦æ±´°Q¡C
¦b¡u¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡v³¡¤À¡A¥»½Õ¬dªí§@µª¤è¦¡¬°¨ü¸ÕªÌ´N¹ê»Úªº¾\Ū¦æ¬°±¡§Î¶ñµª°ÝÃD¡AÃD¥Ø¬Ò¬°³æ¿ïÃD¡A°µ¬°¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº²{ªp½Õ¬d¡C¥t¥~¦b¡u¾\Ū®É¶¡¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¡v¡B¡u¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡v³¡¤À¡A¨Ì¨ü¸ÕªÌ©Ò¤Ä¿ïªº¿ï¶µ¨Óp¤À¡A¡u¿ï¶µ¥|¡G¶W2¤p®É¥H¤W¡v¥iÀò±o¥|¤À¡A¡u¿ï¶µ¤T¡G¶W¹L1¤p®É¤£¨ì2¤p®É¡v¥i±o¤T¤À¡A¡u¿ï¶µ¤G¡G30¤ÀÄÁ¥H¤W¤£¨ì1¤p®É¡v¥i±o¨â¤À¡A¡u¿ï¶µ¤@¡G¤£¨ì¤T¤Q¤ÀÄÁ¡v¥i±o¤@¤À¡C±o¤À·U°ªªí¥Ü¨ü¸Õ¡A¥~Åã¦æ¬°·U¨}¦n¡A¤Ï¤§«h§_¡C
¦b¡u¾\Ū³ß¦nµ{«× ¡]§Y¥»¬ã¨s©Ò«ü¤§¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡^¡v³¡¤À¡A¥H¶qªí§Î¦¡§e²{¡A¥Ñ¡u³£¬O³o¼Ë¡v¨ì¡u±q¤£³o¼Ë¡v¡A¤À§Oµ¹¤©¥|¨ì¤@¤À¡C±o¤À·U°ªªí¥Ü¨ü¸ÕªÌªº¤º¦b°Ê¾÷·U°ª¡A¤À¼Æ·U§C«h¤Ï¤§¡C¸Ó¶qªí¸gì§@ªÌ¶i¦æ¦]¯À¤ÀªR«á¡Aµo²{¦UÃDªº¦]¯Àt²ü¶q¬Ò¤j©ó.3¡A¬Gªí¤¤8ÃD¥þ¼Æ«O¯d¡C¦b«H«×³¡¤À¡A8ÃDªº£\Ȭ°.80¡Aªí¥Ü¥»¶qªí«H«×¨}¦n¡C¦b®Ä«×³¡¤À¡Aì§@ªÌ¥ç½Ð9¦ì±M®a¾ÇªÌÀ˵ø¶qªíªº¤º®e¡A¥H½T«O¦³¨}¦nªº®Ä«×¡C
¤T¡B¸ê®Æ¤ÀªR
¥»¬ã¨s¥H²Îp®M¸Ë³nÅéSPSS11.0 (Statistical
Package for Social Science)¶i¦æ¬ÛÃö¸ê®Æ¤ÀªR¡A¨Ï¥Î¤§²Îp¤èªk¦p¤U¡G
¡]¤@¡^¥H´yz²Îp¡AÀò±o¼Ë¥»¦b¦U¼h±¸ê®Æªº¤À§G±¡ªp¡A¾Ú¥H¸ÑÄÀ¥Ø«e°ª¶¯¥«°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò©M¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§²{ªp¡C
¡]¤G¡^¥H¬ÛÃö¤ÀªR¡A±´°Q°ª¶¯¥«°ê¤p¾Çµ£¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªºÃö«Y¡C
¸v¡B¬ã¨sµ²ªG»P°Q½×
¤@¡B°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v²{ªp¤ÀªR
¨Ì¾Úªí¤@±oª¾¡A¾ãÅé®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Òªº¥§¡È¬°2.739¡A±q¨CÓ¼h±©Î¾ãÅé¬Ý¨Ó¡A¨CÃD¥§¡¤À¼Æ¬Ò°ª©ó2.5¤À¡]1+2+3+4/4¡^¡Aªí¥Ü°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò²{ªpÄݩ󤤤Wµ{«×¡A¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¦h¼Æ¾ÇªÌ¡]©Pªé½Ë¡A2005¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F½²¬ü»T¡A2005¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003¡^¬ã¨s¤@P¡A°ê¤p¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¾ãÅé²{ªp¡AÄÝ©ó¨}¦nª¬ºA¡C
¦b¤TÓ¼h±¤¤¡A¥H¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡vªº±o¤À³Ì°ª¡]M=2.795¡^¡Aªí¥Ü°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¹ï©ó®a®x¾\Ū¯À§÷©Îª««~µ¥¦³¬Û·íªºÂ×´Iµ{«×¡A¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¦¸¤§¡]M=2.765¡^¡A¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v³Ì§C¡]M=2.657¡^¡C¥Ñ¦¹¥iª¾¡A¬Û¸û©ó¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v»P¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡A¾Çµ£»{¬°®aªø¹ï©ó¦Û¨©M¿Ë¤l¶¡ªº¾\Ū¤À¨Éªº®ðª^°¾§C¡C¤TªÌªº±Æ§Ç»P¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^ªº¬ã¨s¤@P¡A±oª¾®aªøªÖ§ë¸ê¦b¾Çµ£¦b®a¾\Ūªº¸ê·½¡A¦]¦¹¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v¸ûÂ×´I¡A¦p¦P©Pªé½Ë¡]2005¡^ªº¬ã¨sµ²ªG¡C¦Ü©ó¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡vªºµ²ªG»P©Pªé½Ë¡]2005¡^©M½²¬ü»T¡]2005¡^¬ã¨s¬Û¦P¡AÅã¥Ü¥X²{¥N¤÷¥À¿Ë¦£©ó¤u§@¡A¸û²¨©¿¤F¿Ë¤l¾\Ūªº¤À¨É®É¶¡©Î¤è¦¡¡A¥O¤H²`«ä¡C
ªí¤@ °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò²{ªp¤ÀªRªí
¼h±¦WºÙ |
ÃD¼Æ |
¥§¡¼Æ |
¼Ð·Ç®t |
¨CÃD¥§¡¤À¼Æ |
®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD |
6 |
16.588 |
3.988 |
2.765 |
¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū |
8 |
21.255 |
5.634 |
2.657 |
®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½ |
9 |
25.157 |
5.764 |
2.795 |
¾ãÅé®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò |
23 |
63.000 |
12.230 |
2.739 |
¤G¡B°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¡u¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡v¤ÀªR
¡]¤@¡^¾\Ū¦aÂI
¥Ñªí¤G±oª¾¡A°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£³Ì±`¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº¦aÂI¥H¡u®a¸Ì¡v³Ì¦h¡]44.4%¡^¡A¡u®Ñ©±¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡]21.6%¡^¡A¦Ó¦¹Åã¥Ü¡A¾Çµ£¦b®a¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº®É¶¡©Î¾÷·|¤ñ¦b®Õ®É§ó¦h¡C¶ñµª¡u¨ä¥L¡v3
¦ì¤¤¡A3
¦ì¦^µª¡u³£¦³¡v¡Cµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡u®a¸Ì¡v¬O°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº¦aÂI¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¦h¼Æ¾ÇªÌ¡]¶À°ê±N¡A2003¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡F½²©v¿p¡A2006¡FÃC¬ü»ñ¡A2002¡^¬ã¨s¤@P¡C
ªí¤G °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦aÂI
ÃD¸¹1 |
§Ú³Ì±`¦bþ¸Ì¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
®a¸Ì |
68 |
44.4% |
2 |
®Ñ©± |
33 |
21.6% |
3 |
¾Ç®Õ |
27 |
17.6% |
4 |
®Õ¥~¹Ï®ÑÀ] |
15 |
9.8% |
5 |
¯²®Ñ©± |
5 |
3.3% |
6 |
¨ä¥L |
3 |
2.0% |
7 |
¤~ÃÀ¯Z¡B¦w¿Ë¯Z |
2 |
1.3% |
¡]¤G¡^¾\Ū®É¶¡
¥Ñªí¤T±oª¾¡A°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¨C¤Ñ¥§¡ªá¶O¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x®É¶¡¥H¡u30¤ÀÄÁ¥H¤W¤£¨ì1¤p®É¡v³Ì¦h¡]41.8%¡^¡A¡u¤£¨ì30¤ÀÄÁ¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡]29.4%¡^¡AÅã¥Ü¾Çµ£¾\Ū®É¶¡¥H¡u30¡Ð60¤ÀÄÁ¡v¬°¦h¼Æ¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¿àb¬Â¡]2006¡^¡B¶À°ê±N¡]2003¡^¬ã¨sµ²ªG¬Û¦ü¡C¦ý³¡¤À¾ÇªÌ¡]阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡^¬ã¨sµo²{°ê¤p¾Çµ£¨C¤é¾\Ū®É¶¡¬°¡u¤£¨ì30¤ÀÄÁ¡v¬°¦h¼Æ¡A»P¦¹¶µµ²ªG¤£¤@P¡A±À½×¥i¯à¦]¯À¬°¥»¬ã¨s¶È°w¹ï°ª¶¯¥«°µ½Õ¬d¡A¦b³£·|®a®x·|¸û«µø®a¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C
°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¦b°²¤é©Î´H¡B´»°²´Á¶¡¡A¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x®É¶¡¥H¡u30¡Ð60¤ÀÄÁ¡v¦û³Ì¦h¡]34.6%¡^¡A¡u¶W¹L2¤p®É¥H¤W¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡]28.1%¡^¡A¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¬ã¨s¤@P¡A¾\Ū®É¶¡¥H¡u30¡Ð60¤ÀÄÁ¡v¬°³Ì¦h¡C¸ò²Ä¤GÃD¥±`¾\Ū½Ò¥~Ūª«®É¶¡¤ñ¸û°_¨Ó¡A¾\Ū¤£¨ì30¤ÀÄÁªº¾Çµ£©úÅã´î¤Ö³\¦h¡]±q29.4%°¦Ü13.7%¡^¡A¦]¦¹°²¤é©Î´H´»´Á¶¡¾\Ū®É¶¡¦³¤ñ¤W½Ò´Á¶¡¼WªøÁͶաC
°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£³Ì±`¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº®É¬q¥H¡u°µ§¹¥\½Ò«á¡v³Ì¦h¡]45.8%¡^¡A±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¬°¡uºÎı«e¡v¡]17.0%¡^¡AÅã¥Ü¡u°µ§¹¥\½Ò«á¡v¡B¡uºÎı«e¡v¬O¦h¼Æ°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Ç¥Í¾\Ū½Ò¥~Ūª«ªº®É¬q¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¬ã¨s¤@P¡C
ªí¤T °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū®É¶¡±Æ¦æ¤ÀªRªí
ÃD¸¹2 |
¦b¤W½Ò´Á¶¡¡A§Ú¨C¤Ñ¥§¡ªá¦h¤Ö®É¶¡¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
30¤ÀÄÁ¥H¤W¤£¨ì1¤p®É |
64 |
41.8% |
2 |
¤£¨ì30¤ÀÄÁ |
45 |
29.4% |
3 |
¶W¹L1¤p®É¤£¨ì2¤p®É |
27 |
17.6% |
4 |
¶W¹L2¤p®É¥H¤W |
17 |
11.1% |
ÃD¸¹3 |
°²¤é©Î´H¡B´»°²´Á¶¡¡A§Ú¨C¤Ñ¥§¡ªá¦h¤Ö®É¶¡¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
30¤ÀÄÁ¥H¤W¤£¨ì1¤p®É |
53 |
34.6% |
2 |
¶W¹L2¤p®É¥H¤W |
43 |
28.1% |
3 |
¶W¹L1¤p®É¤£¨ì2¤p®É |
36 |
23.5% |
4 |
¤£¨ì30¤ÀÄÁ |
21 |
13.7% |
ÃD¸¹4 |
§Ú³Ì±`¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»xªº®É¬q¬O¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
°µ§¹¥\½Ò«á |
70 |
45.8% |
2 |
ºÎı«e |
26 |
17.0% |
3 |
¦b¾Ç®Õªº¾\Ū½Ò®É¶¡ |
25 |
16.3% |
4 |
¤U½Ò®É¶¡ |
17 |
11.1% |
5 |
¤W´Z©Òªº®ÉÔ |
10 |
6.5% |
6 |
¦Y¶º®É¶¡ |
4 |
2.6% |
7 |
¦±á°_§É«á |
1 |
0.7% |
¡]¤T¡^¾\Ū¼Æ¶q
¥Ñªí¥|±oª¾¡A°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¦b¤W½Ò´Á¶¡Y¤£¦Ò¸Õ®É¡A¤@¬P´Á¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº¼Æ¶q¥H¡u2¡Ð3¥»¡v³Ì¦h¡]35.3%¡^¡A¡u1¥»¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡]20.3%¡^¡AÅã¥Ü¤£¦Ò¸Õªº®É¶¡¡A¬ù¤E¦¨ªº°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤@¬P´Á¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¦Ü¤Ö·|¾\Ū1¥»¥H¤W¡Aªñ¤C¦¨¾Çµ£·|¾\Ū2¨ì3¥»¥H¤W¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¡BÃC¬ü»ñ¡]2002¡^¬ã¨s¬Û¦ü¡A¦b¤W½Ò®É¶¡Y¤£¦Ò¸Õ¡A¾Çµ£¥i¥H¾\Ū2¥»®ÑÄy¥ª¥k¡C
°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¦b¤W½Ò´Á¶¡Yn¦Ò¸Õ®É¡A¤@¬P´Á¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº¼Æ¶q¥H¡u1¥»¡v©~¦h¡]32.7%¡^¡A¡u2¡Ð3¥»¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡A¡]28.1%¡^¡A¸ò¤£¦Ò¸Õ´Á¶¡¤ñ¸û°_¨Ó¡AÅã¥Ü¦Ò¸Õ´Á¶¡¡A쥻¾\Ū¼Æ¶q2¨ì3¥»¥H¤Wªº¾Çµ£¡A±q67.9%°¦Ü43.1%¡A¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¦³´î¤ÖÁͶաC¦¹¶µµ²ªG»PÃC¬ü»ñ¡]2002¡^«ü¥X¦Ò¸Õ´Á¶¡³¡¤À¾Çµ£¼È°±½Ò¥~¾\Ūªºµ²ªG¬Û©IÀ³¡C
°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤@¾Ç´Á¾\Ū½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»xªº¼Æ¶q¥H¡u21¥»¥H¤W¡v³Ì¦h¡]26.8%¡^¡A¡u6¡Ð10¥»¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡]19.6%¡^¡AÅã¥Ü58.8%°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤@ӾǴÁ¯à¾\Ū11¨ì15¥»¥H¤Wªº½Ò¥~Ūª«¡A¥i¨£¤j¦h¼Æ¾Çµ£³£¦³¾\Ū²ßºD¡A¦ý21.5%¾Çµ£¤@¾Ç´Á¾\Ū¶q¤£¶W¹L5¥»¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¬ã¨s¬Û¦ü¡C
°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¦b´H´»°²´Á¶¡¡A¤@¬P´Á¬Ý½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»x¼Æ¶q¥H¡u2¡Ð3¥»¡v³Ì¦h¡]34%¡^¡A¡u6¥»¥H¤W¡v±Æ¦W²Ä¤G¡]28.8%¡^¡AÅã¥Ü¦³80.4%ªº°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£´H´»°²¤@Ó¬P´Á¦Ü¤Ö¯à¾\Ū2¨ì3¥»¥H¤Wªº½Ò¥~Ūª«¡A³o¤]Åã¥Ü´»°²¬Û¸û©ó¥®É¡A¾Çµ£¾\Ū¶q¦³¼W¦hªº²{¶H¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¾ÇªÌ(§d¾Ë©÷¡A2004¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007)¡Aµ²ªG¬Û¦ü¡A¦b´H´»°²´Á¶¡¡A¾Çµ£ªº¾\Ū¶q·|¤ñ¤W½Ò®É¶¡¼W¥[¡C
ªí¥| °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¼Æ¶q±Æ¦æ¤ÀªRªí
ÃD¸¹5 |
¤W½Ò´Á¶¡Y¤£¦Ò¸Õ®É¡A§Ú¤@¬P´Á¤j¬ù¾\Ū´X¥»½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
2¡Ð3¥» |
54 |
35.3% |
2 |
1¥» |
31 |
20.3% |
3 |
4¡Ð5¥» |
20 |
13.1% |
3 |
6¥»¥H¤W |
20 |
13.1% |
5 |
¥¼¾\Ū |
18 |
11.8% |
ÃD¸¹6 |
¤W½Ò´Á¶¡Yn¦Ò¸Õ®É¡A§Ú¤@¬P´Á¤j¬ù¾\Ū´X¥»½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
1¥» |
50 |
32.7% |
2 |
2¡Ð3¥» |
43 |
28.1% |
3 |
¥¼¾\Ū |
37 |
24.2% |
4 |
4¡Ð5¥» |
14 |
9.2% |
5 |
6¥»¥H¤W |
9 |
5.9% |
ÃD¸¹7 |
§Ú¤@¾Ç´Á¤j¬ù¾\Ū´X¥»½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
|
|
1 |
21¥»¥H¤W |
41 |
26.8% |
2 |
6¡Ð10¥» |
30 |
19.6% |
3 |
11¡Ð15¥» |
26 |
17.0% |
4 |
1¡Ð5¥» |
25 |
16.3% |
5 |
16¡Ð20¥» |
23 |
15.0% |
6 |
¥¼¾\Ū |
8 |
5.2% |
ÃD¸¹8 |
´H´»°²´Á¶¡¡A§Ú¤@¬P´Á¤j¬ù¬Ý´X¥»½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
2¡Ð3¥» |
52 |
34.0% |
2 |
6¥»¥H¤W |
44 |
28.8% |
3 |
4¡Ð5¥» |
25 |
16.3% |
4 |
1¥» |
21 |
13.7% |
5 |
¥¼¾\Ū |
9 |
5.9% |
¡]¥|¡^¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v
®Ú¾Úªí¤±oª¾¡A°ª¶¯¥«¤½¥ß°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤@¬P´Á·|¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]ɮѩάݮѪºÀW²v¥H¡u1¡Ð2¦¸¡v³Ì¦h¡]53.6%¡^¡A±Æ¦W¤G¬°¡u0¦¸¡v¡]23.5%¡^¡AÅã¥Ü¶W¹L¥b¼Æ°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤@Ó¬P´Á¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]ɮѩάݮѬ°1¨ì2¦¸¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¾ÇªÌ(§d¾Ë©÷¡A2004¡F阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡F¶À®a¼ü¡A2007¡^¬ã¨s¬Û¦ü¡C¦ýµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¥ç¦³ªñ23.5%ªº¾Ç¥Í³£¤£·|¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]ɮѩάݮѡC¦¹µ²ªG»P§d¾Ë©÷(2004)»P¿àb¬Â(2006)¨sµ²ªG¬Û¦ü¡C
ªí¤ °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v±Æ¦æ¤ÀªRªí
ÃD¸¹9 |
§Ú¤@Ó§«ô·|¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]ɮѩάݮѴX¦¸¡H |
||
±Æ¦æ |
¿ï¶µ |
¦¸¼Æ |
¦Ê¤À¤ñ |
1 |
1¡Ð2¦¸ |
82 |
53.6% |
2 |
0¦¸ |
36 |
23.5% |
3 |
3¡Ð4¦¸ |
23 |
15% |
4 |
5¦¸¥H¤W |
12 |
7.8% |
¤T¡B°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¡u¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡v¤ÀªR
¨Ì¾Úªí¤»±oª¾¡A¾ãÅ餺¦b°Ê¾÷¥§¡È¬°2.81¡A°ª©ó¥§¡¼Æ¡]M=2.5¡^¡Aªí¥Ü°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤º¦b°Ê¾÷Äݩ󤤤Wµ{«×¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¾ÇªÌ¡]阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡A2006¡F¶À°ê±N¡A2003¡^¬ã¨s¬Û¦ü¡C
¦b¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¼h±¤§¤KÓÃD¥ØÅã¥Ü¡A¥H¡u§Ú±`±`¬Ý¦Û¤v³ßÅw¬Ýªº®Ñ¡v¥§¡¼Æ³Ì°ª¡]M¡×3.43¡^¡A¨ä¦¸¬°¡u¤W¾\Ū½Ò®É¡A§Ú³£·|»{¯uªº¾\Ū¡v¡]M¡×3.08¡^¡A°ß¦³¡u§Ú±`§Q¥Î¤U½Ò®É¶¡¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]©Î¦b¯Z¤W¾\Ū¡v¡]M¡×2.35¡^¡A§C©ó¥§¡¤À¼Æ¡CÅã¥Ü¤j³¡¤À¾Ç¥Í³£³ßÅw¾\Ū®ÑÄy¡A¦ý¦b¤U½Ò®É¶¡¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]©Î¯Z¤W¾\Ū¡A©ÎªÌ¦b®Ñ©±¬Ý®Ñªº±¡§Î¸û¤Ö¡C
ªí¤» °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Ç¥Í¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¨CÃD¤ÀªRªí
ÃD¸¹ |
ÃD¥Ø |
¼Ð·Ç®t |
¥§¡¼Æ |
¥§¡¼Æ±Æ¦æ |
10 |
¥un¦³ªÅ¡A§Ú·|¾\Ū½Ò¥~ªº®Ñ³øÂø»x¡C |
.92 |
3.03 |
3 |
11 |
§Ú±`±`¬Ý¦Û¤v³ßÅw¬Ýªº®Ñ¡C |
.83 |
3.43 |
1 |
12 |
¤£¥Î¤÷¥À |
1.02 |
2.82 |
4 |
13 |
§Ú±`§Q¥Î¤U½Ò®É¶¡¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]©Î¦b¯Z¤W¾\Ū¡C |
1.06 |
2.35 |
8 |
14 |
¤W¾\Ū½Ò®É¡A§Ú³£·|»{¯uªº¾\Ū¡C |
.99 |
3.08 |
2 |
15 |
§Ú±`¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]©Î¬O±q¯Z¤WɮѨӬݡC |
.99 |
2.65 |
5 |
16 |
§Ú±`¨ì®Ñ©±¬Ý®Ñ¡C |
1.06 |
2.51 |
7 |
17 |
¹Ï®ÑÀ]©Î®Ñ©±¤@¦³·s®Ñ¡A§Ú¤@©w·|°¨¤W¥h½¾\¡C |
1.06 |
2.61 |
6 |
¾ãÅé¾\Ū¤º¦b°Ê¾÷2.81 |
¥|¡B°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡v¬ÛÃö©Ê±´°Q
¥»¬ã¨s¦®¦b±´°Q¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡v¤¤ªº¡u¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡v¡B¡u¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡]¾\Ū®É¶¡¡B¾\Ū¼Æ¶q»P¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡^¡v¤§¬ÛÃö¤ÀªR¡]¦pªí¤C©Ò¥Ü¡^¡A¤ÀªR¦p¤U¡G
¡]¤@¡^°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡v¬ÛÃö©Ê±´°Q
®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤§¤TÓ¤À¼h±¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v»P¡u¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡v¤§¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ¤À§O¬°.41¡B.498¡B.568¡A§¡ÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡A¥ç§Y¡u®a¤Hªº¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v·U°ªªÌ¡A¨ä¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¤]·U°ª¡C¨ä¤¤¥H¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ³Ì°ª¡A¹F.568¡C´N¾ãÅé®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¦Ó¨¥¡A»P¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¥ç¹FÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡Aªí¥Ü°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·U¨Î¡A«h¾Çµ£¹ï©ó¾\Ūªº°Ê¾÷·U±j¯P¡C¦¹¶µµ²ªG»P¾ÇªÌ(©Pªé½Ë¡A2005¡F±i©É´@¡A2003¡FÁ¬üÄ_¡A2003)¬ã¨s¬Û¦ü¡C
¡]¤G¡^°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¾\Ū®É¶¡¡v¬ÛÃö©Ê±´°Q
®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤§¤TÓ¤À¼h±¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v»P¡u¾\Ū®É¶¡¡v¤§¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ¤À§O¬°.268¡B.232¡B.280¡A§¡§eÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡A¥ç§Y¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v·U°ªªÌ¡A¨ä¾\Ū®É¶¡·Uªø¡C¨ä¤¤¥H¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ³Ì°ª¡A¹F.280¡C´N¾ãÅé®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¦Ó¨¥¡A»P¾\Ū®É¶¡¹FÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡Aªí¥Ü°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·U¨Î¡A«h¾Çµ£¾\Ū®É¶¡·Uªø¡C
¡]¤T¡^°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¡v¬ÛÃö©Ê±´°Q
®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤§¤TÓ¤À¼h±¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¡v¤§¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ¤À§O.167¡B.233¡B.261¡A§¡ÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡A¥ç§Y¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v·U°ªªÌ¡A¨ä¾\Ū®ÑÄy¼Æ¶q·U¦h¡C¨ä¤¤¥H¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ³Ì°ª¡A¹F.261¡C´N¾ãÅé®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¦Ó¨¥¡A»P¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¹FÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡Aªí¥Ü°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·U¨Î¡A«h¾\Ū®ÑÄyªº¼Æ¶q¥ç·U¦h¡C
¡]¥|¡^°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡v¬ÛÃö©Ê±´°Q
®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤§¤TÓ¤À¼h±¡u®a¤H¾\Ū²ßºD¡v¡B¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v©M¡u®a®x¾\Ū¸ê·½¡v»P¡u¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡v¤§¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ¤À§O¬°.035¡B.173¡B.147¡A°ß¦³¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v§eÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡]¡^¡A¥ç§Y¡u¿Ë¤l¤À¨É¾\Ū¡v·U°ªªÌ¡A¨ä¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ªº¦¸¼Æ·U¦h¡C´N¾ãÅé®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¦Ó¨¥¡A»P¡u¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¡v¥¼¹FÅãµÛ¥¿¬ÛÃö¡Aªí¥Ü°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾Çµ£¥h¹Ï®ÑÀ]ªº¦¸¼ÆµLÅãµÛ¬ÛÃö¡C
ªí¤C °ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v»P¡u¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡v¬ÛÃö©Ê±´°Q
®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò
¾\Ū¦æ¬° |
®a¤H ¾\Ū²ßºD |
¿Ë¤l ¤À¨É¾\Ū |
®a®x ¾\Ū¸ê·½ |
¾ãÅé ®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò |
¤º¦b°Ê¾÷ |
.410*** |
.498*** |
.568*** |
.581*** |
¾\Ū®É¶¡ |
.268** |
.232** |
.280*** |
.299*** |
¾\Ū¼Æ¶q |
.167* |
.233** |
.261** |
.270** |
¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v |
.035 |
.173* |
.147 |
.140 |
* ** *** |
¥î¡Bµ²½×»P«Øij
¤@¡Bµ²½×
¥»¬ã¨s¦®¦bÁA¸Ñ°ª¶¯¥«°ê¤p¾Çµ£¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªºÃö«Y¡A¨äµ²½×¦p¤U¡G
¡]¤@¡^®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¼h±
¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v¾ãÅéªí²{¨}¦n¡C¦b¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡vªº¤TÓ¼h±¤¤¡A¨CÃD¬Ò°ª©ó¥§¡¤À¼Æ¡AÅã¥Ü´¶¹M®a®x³£«Ü«µø¡u®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡v¡C
¡]¤G¡^¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¡u¥~Åã¦æ¬°¡v¼h±
1.°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£©ó¾\Ū¦aÂI¼h±¡A¡u®a¸Ì¡v¬°¦h¼Æ¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦aÂI¡C
2.°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£©ó¾\Ū®É¶¡¼h±¡A¤W½Ò´Á¶¡¤Î°²¤é©Î´H¡B´»°²´Á¶¡¡A¾\Ū®É¶¡¬O¥H¡u30 ¤ÀÄÁ¥H¤W¤£¨ì1 ¤p®É¡v¬°³Ì¦h¡A¦b°²¤é©Î´H¡B´»°²´Á¶¡¾Çµ£¾\Ū®É¶¡¦³¤ñ¤W½Ò´Á¶¡¼Wªø²{¶H¡F¾Çµ£¾\Ū½Ò¥~®ÑÄy®É¬q¬O¥H¡u°µ§¹¥\½Ò«á¡v¡B¦¸¬°¡uºÎı«e¡v¬°¦h¼Æ¾Çµ£³Ì±`¾\Ū®É¬q¡C
3.°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£©ó¾\Ū¼Æ¶q¼h±¡A¦Ò¸Õ´Á¶¡¾\Ū¼Æ¶q·|¤ñ¥±`´Á¶¡¤Î´H´»°²´Á¶¡¤U°¡Fªñ¤T¦¨¾Çµ£¤@¾Ç´Á¯àŪ21¥»¥H¤Wªº½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»x¡Aªñ¤»¦¨¾Çµ£¤@¾Ç´Á¯àŪ11¥»¥H¤Wªº½Ò¥~®Ñ³øÂø»x¡AÅã¥Ü°ª¶¯¥«°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¦³¾\Ū²ßºD¡C
4.°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£©ó¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]ÀW²v¼h±¡A¾Çµ£¨C¬P´Á·|¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]¡u1¡Ð2¦¸¡v¬°¦h¼Æ¡A¦ý¦³¤G¦¨¤¾Çµ£±q¥¼¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]¡AÅã¥Ü³¡¥÷¤÷¥À¸û¤£«µø¹Ï®ÑÀ]¨Ï¥Î¡A¤÷¥À¹ï©ó¦¹¤è±¤§¬¡°Ê¦³«Ý¥[±j¡C
¡]¤T¡^¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¡u¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡v¼h±
¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤¤ªº¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¤è±¡A¨CÃD¬Ò°ª©ó¥§¡¤À¼Æ¡A¥Nªí¾Çµ£¦³¨}¦nªº¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡C
¡]¥|¡^®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¬ÛÃö
¬ã¨sµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡A°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò·U¦n¡A¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤¤ªº¤º¦b°Ê¾÷·U¦n¡F¦b¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤¤ªº¥~Åã¦æ¬°(¾\Ū®É¶¡¡B¾\Ū¼Æ¶q)¼h±¡A¥ç»P®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¦¨¥¿¬ÛÃö¡C
¤G¡B«Øij
¥»¬ã¨s´£¥X¤U¦C´XÂI«Øij¡A¥H´£ª@¾Çµ£¾\Ū¿³½ì¤Î¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C
¡]¤@¡^¤÷¥ÀÀ³«Ø¥ß¨}¦nªº®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò
¥»¬ã¨sÅã¥Ü®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤¤ªº¤º¦b°Ê¾÷¡B¥~Åã¦æ¬°(¾\Ū®É¶¡¡B¾\Ū¼Æ¶q)¦¨¥¿¬ÛÃö¡Aªí¥Ü®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò½T¹ê·|¼vÅT¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°¡C¦b®a®x¤¤¤S¥H¤÷¥À¼vÅT¾Çµ£³Ì¬°²`»·¡C¦]¦¹¤÷¥ÀÀ³¥H¨§@«hµ¹¤©¾Çµ£º]¼Ë¡A§G¸m¨}¦nªº¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡A´£¨Ñ¾Çµ£¾\Ū¸ê·½¡A¨C¤Ñ¥þ®a©T©w¬Ý®Ñªº®É¶¡¡A»P¾Çµ£¤À¨É¾\Ū¡AÅý¾Çµ£¦b¨}¦nªº¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¤¤¦¨ªø¡C
¡]¤G¡^®aªøÀ³¦h¥[§Q¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]¸ê·½
¥»¬ã¨sµo²{¦³¤G¦¨¥|ªº¾Çµ£±q¤£¨Ï¥Î¹Ï®ÑÀ]¸ê·½¡A®aªøÀ³¦h³¾Çµ£¨ì¹Ï®ÑÀ]¬Ý®Ñ©ÎɮѡA¤£¶Èµ½¥ÎªÀ·|¸ê·½¡B¼W¥[¾Çµ£ªº¤å¤Æ¨ë¿E¡A¥ç¥i¬Ù¤UÁʶR®ÑÄyªº¶O¥Î¡C
°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm
¤@¡B¤¤¤å³¡¤À
¤B¹ÅµY¡]2007¡^¡CÉÃè°ê»Ú¡Ð»OÆW¾\Ū¥X¤F¤°»ò°ÝÃD¡C¤Ñ¤UÂø»x¡A387¡A220¡Ð222¡C
¤Ñ¤UÂø»x½s¿è³¡¡]2007¡^¡C·R¤W¾\Ū¡Ð¥u»Ý±áŪ¤Q¤ÀÄÁ¡C¤Ñ¤UÂø»x¡A382¡A280¡Ð283¡C
¤è´f¥Í¡]2002¡^¡C«ç¼Ë±À¦æ¨àµ£¾\Ū¹B°Ê¡C°ê±Ð¤§¤Í¡A53¡]3¡^¡A69¡Ð72¡C
¤ý¹ÅÀs¡]2001¡^¡C±q±Ð¨|³¡µo°_¡u¥þ°ê¨àµ£¾\Ū¶g¡v¬¡°Ê¡Ð¡Ð½Í®a®x¿Ë¤l¾\Ū¬¡°Ê¡C¥þ°ê·s®Ñ¸ê°T¤ë¥Z¡A27¡A8¡Ð10¡C
¤ýã¯]¡]2004¡^¡C¬G¨Æµ²ºc±Ð¾Ç¥[¤À¨É¾\Ū¹ï¼W¶i°ê¤p¾\Ū»Ùê¾Çµ£Åª¼g¯à¤O»P¬G¨Æµ²ºc·§©À¤§¬ã¨s¡C»O¥_¥«¥ß®v½d¾Ç°|¾Ç³ø¡G±Ð¨|Ãþ¡A35¡]2¡^¡A1¡Ð22¡C
§d©ys¡]2002¡^®a®xÀô¹Ò¦]¯À¹ï¨àµ£¾\Ū¯à¤O¼vÅT¤§±´°Q¡C±Ð¨|¤ß²z¾Ç³ø¡A34¡]1¡^¡A1¡Ð20¡C
§dºø¡]2002¡^¡C¦p¦ó¶}±Ò¨àµ£¾\Ū¤§ªù¡]¤U¡^¡C®v»¡¡A167¡A39¡Ð44¡C
§d¾Ë©÷¡]2004¡^¡C»O¤¤¿¤°ê¤p¤»¦~¯Å¾Çµ£®a®x»y¤åI´º¡B¾\Ū¦æ¬°»P¤ß±o¼g§@¤§¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß»O¤¤®v½d¾Ç°|»y¤å±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A»O¤¤¥«¡C
阮綠¯ô¡B林益¸s¡]2006¡^¡C°ê¤p°ª年¯Å¾Çµ£¾\讀行¬°»P¾Ç·~¦¨ÁZ¬ÛÃö©Ê¤§¬ã¨s¡C±Ð¨|ªÀ·|¾Ç³q°T¡A68¡A12¡Ð23¡C
©P§¡¨|¡]2002¡^¡C¨àµ£¹Ï®ÑÀ]û¡B¤÷¥À»P¥®¸X¶é±Ð®v¹ï¥®¨à¾\Ū¦æ¬°ªº¼vÅT¤§½Õ¬d¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß¤¤¿³¤j¾Ç¹Ï®Ñ¸ê°T¾Ç¬ã¨s©ÒºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A»O¤¤¥«¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡C
©Pªé½Ë¡]2005¡^¡C¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾Çµ£¾\ŪºA«×¬ÛÃö¤§¬ã¨s¡Ð¥H¹ü¤Æ¿¤¤@©Ò°ê¤p¤¦~¯Å¬°¨Ò¡C°ê¥ß»O¤¤±Ð¨|¤j¾ÇªÀ·|¬ì±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h¯ZºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A»O¤¤¥«¡C
ªL¬üÄÁ¡]2002¡^¡C«ÌªF¿¤°ê¥Á¤p¾Ç¤¤°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¿³½ì½Õ¬d¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß«ÌªF®v½d¾Ç°|°ê¥Á±Ð¨|¬ã¨s©ÒºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A«ÌªF¿¤¡C
ªL®¶¬K¡]2001¡^¡C«ü¾É¤l¤k¾\Ūªº°µªk¡CªÀ±ÐÂù¤ë¥Z¡A105¡A43¡Ð46¡C
¬xÄõ¡]2007¡^¡C¾\Ū¡AÄ_Ä_¤£©È°²©Ê¹L°Ê¡C¾Ç«e±Ð¨|¡A30¡]5¡^¡A11¡Ð12
¡C
¬xÄõ¡]2008¡^¡C¾Ç·|¾\Ū¡A«Ä¤l¤£±I¹æ¡C¾Ç«e±Ð¨|¡A31¡]1¡^¡A24¡Ð25¡C
¯ÎÄRÃY¡]2007¡^¡C±Ð®v®ÔŪ¹ï°ê¤p¥|¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū°Ê¾÷¡B¾\ŪºA«×»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¼vÅT¡C°ê¥ß°ª¶¯®v½d¤j¾Ç±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A°ª¶¯¥«¡C
Ò\ªÚ·ì¡]2006¡^¡C°ê¤p¾Çµ£¾\Ū¨àµ£Åªª«²{ªp½Õ¬d¬ã¨s¡Ð¥H»O¤¤¥«°ê¤p¤¤¦~¯Å¬°¨Ò¡C°ê¥ß»O¤¤±Ð¨|¤j¾Ç»y¤å±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h¯ZºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A»O¤¤¥«¡C
±i©É´@¡]2003¡^¡CÓ¤H»{ª¾·®æ¡B¯Z¯Å¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß«ÌªF®v½d¾Ç°|°ê¥Á±Ð¨|¬ã¨s©ÒºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A«ÌªF¿¤¡C
±i¬K¿³¡]1992¡^¡C±i¤ó¤ß²z¾ÇÃã¨å¡C»O¥_¥«¡GªFµØ¡C
±i®¶ªâ¡]2006¡^¡C¿Ë¡D¿Ë¾\Ū¡C¾Ç«e±Ð¨|¡A28¡]11¡^¡A16¡Ð26¡C
±iÄR¶³¡B¸¥ü¸R¡]2006¡^¡C¤¤¾Ç¥Í¾\Ū»P¹Ï®ÑÀ]§Q¥Î¤§±´°Q¡Ð¥H«n§ë¿¤¥ß¦°¥ú°ª¤¤¬°¨Ò¡C¹ü¤Æ®v¤j±Ð¨|¾Ç³ø¡A9¡A93¡Ð121¡C
±Ð¨|³¡¡]2001¡^¡C¥þ°ê¨àµ£¾\Ū¶g¾\Ū¤â¥U¡C»O¥_¥«¡G±Ð¨|³¡¡C
³\ºÑ¾±¡]2001¡^¡C°ê¤p¤¤°ª¦~¯Å¨àµ£¾\Ū²ßºD¤§±´°Q¡C±Ð¨|¸ê®Æ»P¬ã¨s¡A42¡A40¡Ð51¡C
³¯¤å¦N¡]2007¡^¡C°ö¾i«Ä¤l¾\Ū¿³½ì¡C®v»¡¡A199¡A49¡Ð50¡C
´¿§Ó®Ô¡]2000¡^¡C¾\Ū¬O¦h¤¸´¼¼z¦¨¥\ªº°ò¥»±ø¥ó¡C±Ð®v¤Ñ¦a¡A106¡A4¡Ð5¡C
´¿´Ü¼w¡]2002¡^¡C«ç¼Ë±À¦æ¨àµ£¾\Ū¹B°Ê¡C°ê±Ð¤§¤Í¡A53¡]3¡^¡A73¡Ð74¡C
´åºÖ¥Í¡]2001¡^¡C¬°¨àµ£¾\Ū¹B°Ê´Ó®Ú¡C°ê±Ð¤§¤Í¡A53¡]1¡^¡A78¡Ð80¡C
µ{Ĺš]2005¡^¡C¿Eµo«Ä¤l³Ð³y¤O¡Ð¿Ë¤l¾\Ū¡C¥þ°ê·s®Ñ¸ê°T¤ë¥Z¡A76¡A11¡Ð16¡C
¶¾¬îµÓ¡]2000¡^¡C¨àµ£½Ò¥~¾\Ū¦æ¬°±´¨s¡C¥È®N¾Ç³ø¡A2¡A231¡Ð256¡C
¶À¬üµD¡]2008¡^¡C°ö¾i¤¤¤å¤O¸òµÛ¾\Ū¦C¨®¥Xµo¡C¾Ç«e±Ð¨|¡A371¡A36¡Ð37¡C
¶À®a¼ü¡]2007¡^¡C°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Ç¥Í®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¡B¾\Ū°Ê¾÷»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß°ª¶¯®v½d¤j¾Ç±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A°ª¶¯¥«¡C
¶À°ê±N¡]2003¡^¡C»OªF¿¤°ê¤p°ª¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¿³½ì¤§¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß»OªF¤j¾Ç¨àµ£¤å¾Ç¬ã¨s©ÒºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A»OªF¿¤¡C
¶À±Ó¨q¡]2002¡^¡C¾Ç«e¤@¯ë¨àµ£»Pµo®i¿ð½w¨àµ£¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤Î¨ä®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß°ª¶¯®v½d¤j¾Ç¯S®í±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A°ª¶¯¥«¡C
¶ÀÄÖ¼ü¡BªL´f®S¡]2004¡^¡C®a®x»P¥®¨à¾\ŪºA«×¤§¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s¥H»O¤¤¥«¬°¨Ò¡C´Â¶§¤H¤åªÀ·|¾Ç¥Z¡A2¡]2¡^¡A1¡Ð56¡C
·¨²Q®S¡]2005¡^¡CªâÄõ¡A¥Î®a®x±Ð¨|Ĺ¹L¥@¬É¡C¤Ñ¤UÂø»x¡A335¡A56¡Ð58¡C
·¨¾å¶²¡]1997¡^¡C°ª¤¤¥Í¾\Ū¦æ¬°¬ã¨s¡C¸ê°T¶Ç¼½»P¹Ï®ÑÀ]¡A3¡]4¡^¡A75¡Ð88¡C
¼B¨Ø¶³¡B²Äɼü¡B§ºÂ`§Ê¡]2003¡^¡C°ê¤p¾Çµ£¾\Ū°Ê¾÷»P¾\Ū¦æ¬°¤§¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s¡C±Ð¨|¬ã¨s¸ê°T¡A11¡]6¡^¡A135¡Ð158¡C
½²©v¿p¡]2006¡^¡C¸ê°T¿Ä¤Jø¥»±Ð¾Ç©ó¾\Ū»P»{¦r¤§¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß°ª¶¯®v½d¤j¾Ç¤u·~¬ì§Þ±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A°ª¶¯¥«¡C
½²¬ü»T¡]2005¡^¡C¾Ç®Õ©M®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P°ê¤p¾Çµ£¾\Ū°Ê¾÷Ãö«Y¤§¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß°ª¶¯®v½d¤j¾Ç±Ð¨|¾Ç¨tºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A°ª¶¯¥«¡C
¿½´I¤¸¡]2007¡^¡CªâÄõ±Ð¨| ¥@¬É²Ä¤@¡C¤Ñ¤UÂø»x ¡A384¡A52¡Ð58¡C
¿àb¬Â¡]2006¡^¡C°ê¤p¤»¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¤§®a®x¡B¯Z¯Å¤Î¾Ç®Õ¹Ï®ÑÀ]¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¨ä¾\ŪºA«×¤§¬ã¨s¡CªÀ·|¬ì±Ð¨|¬ã¨s¡A11¡A47¡Ð86¡C
Á¬üÄ_¡]2003¡^¡C°ê¤p¾Ç¥Í¾\ŪºA«×¡B®a®x¾\ŪÀô¹Ò»P¾\Ū²z¸Ñ¯à¤OÃö«Y¤§¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß«ÌªF®v½d¾Ç°|°ê¥Á±Ð¨|¬ã¨s©ÒºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A«ÌªF¿¤¡C
ÃC¬ü»ñ¡]2002¡^¡C»O¥_¿¤°ê¤p¤»¦~¯Å¾Çµ£¾\Ū¿³½ì½Õ¬d¬ã¨s¡C°ê¥ß»OÆW®v½d¤j¾ÇªÀ·|±Ð¨|¬ã¨s©ÒºÓ¤h½×¤å¡A¥¼¥Xª©¡A»O¥_¥«¡C
Anonymous(2007).
Interactive shared book reading.
What works clearinghouse intervention report. (ERIC
Document Reproduction Service NO. ED497615) Britto, P.
R., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2001).
Beyond shared book reading: dimensions of home literacy and low-income african American preschoolers' skills. New Directions for Child and Adolescent
Development, 92, 73-89.
Burgess, S. R., Hecht, S. A., & Lonigan, C. J. (2002). Relations of the
Home Literacy Environment (HLE) to the development of reading-related abilities: A one-year longitudinal study. Reading Research Quarterly, 37(4), 408-426.
Crowe, L. K.(2000). Reading behaviors of mothers and
their children with language impairment during repeated storybook reading. Journal of
Communication Disorders, 33(6), 503-524.
Giordano, T. (1997). The Relationship between the home literacy environment and
the frequency of literacy interactions which occur there. M.A.
project, Kean College of New Jersey. (ERIC Document
Reproduction Service NO. ED405549)
Gorman, S., & Yu, C. C. (1990). Science achievement and home environment:
National Assessment of Educational Progress 1985-1986. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational
Research Association. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service
NO. ED330702)
Holdaway, D. (1979). The foundations of literacy.
Kubis, M.
E. (1994). The Relationship
between Home Literary Environments and Attitudes toward
Reading in Ninth-Grade Students. Educational Specialist,
Leffert,
S. W., & Jackson, R. M. (1998). The effect of the
home environment on the reading achievement of children
with low vision. Journal of
Visual Impairment & Blindness, 92(5),
293-301.
Mansell, J., Evans, M. A., & Hamilton-Hulak, L. (2005).
Developmental changes
in parents' use of miscue feedback during shared book reading. Reading Research Quarterly, 40(3),
294-317.
Mason, J.
M. (1990). Shared book reading in an early start program for at-risk children. Technical Report No. 504. Washington, DC¡G Center for the
Study of
Nelson, C.
J. (1996). Head Stage emergent
literacy project training manual. Washington , DC¡G
Rashid, F. L., Morris, R D., & Sevcik, R. A. (2005).
Relationship between home literacy environment and reading achievement in
children with reading disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 38(1), 2-11.
Rasinski, T.
V. (1994). Fast start: A parental
involvement reading program for
primary grade students. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the
College Reading Association. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED378544)
Ritblatt, S. N., Brassert,
S. M., Johnson, R., & Gomez, F. (2001). ¡§Are two better than one?¡¨ the
impact of years in head start on child outcomes, family environment, and
reading at home. Early Childhood Research
Quarterly, 16(4), 525-537.
Shapiro, J. (1994). Home literacy environment and young children's literacy knowledge and behavior.
Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the College Reading
Association.
(ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO. ED381750)
Skotko, B. G., Koppenhaver, D. A., & Erickson, K. A. (2004). Parent reading behaviors and communication
outcomes in girls with rett syndrome. Exceptional
Children,
70 (2), 145-166.
Steensel, R. V. (2006). Relations between socio-cultural
factors, the home literacy environment and children's literacy development in
the first years of primary education. Journal of Research in
Weigel,
D.
J.,
Martin, S.
S., &
Bennett, K.
K. (2006).
Contributions of the home literacy environment to preschool-aged children¡¦s
emerging literacy and language skills. Early Child
Development and Care, 176(3-4), 357-378