Howard Philip E.N., Lee Rainie, & Steve Jones(2002).¡¨Days and Nights on the Internet,¡¨pp.45-73 in B. Wellman & C. Haythornthwaite eds. The Internet in Everyday Life. Black well.

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Introduction

ºô»Úºô¸ô¤w¼sªxªº²`¤J¬ü°êªÀ·|¡C¤@¨Ç¤HµLªk¨Ï¥Îºô¸ô¡B¥t¤@¨Ç¤H«hµLªkÁʶR¡A¦Ó¤]¦³¤@³¡¤ÀµLªkµ½¥Îºô¸ô¡C¹ï©ó¬Y¨Ç¦¨ªø¨³³tªººô¸ô¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦Ó¨¥ºô¸ô¬O¤@¶Ç¼·´C¤¶»P¦³¥Îªº¸ê°TÀò¨úªº¤u¨ã©ÎªÌ©¹¸ô¥ç¬O¥Í¬¡¤Wªº¤@³¡¤À¡C¦Û±q¥þ²y¸ê°Tºô¡]worldwide web¡^«Ø¥ß«áºô»Úºô¸ôªº´¶¤Î²v³Ó¹L¨ä¥L¶Ç¼½´C¤¶¡A¦Ó¥»¬ã¨s§Y¹w¤F¸Ñºô»Úºô¸ô¦b¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº¥Í¬¡¤W©Ò§êºtªº¨¤¦â¡C

The Internet¡¦s Place in American Life

³o­Ó¬ã¨s¹w¦^µª´X­Ó¥»ªºÄ³ÃD¡Gp.48

1.­þ¨Ç¤H·|¤W½u¡H¥­§¡¦h¤Ö¤Ñ¡H©M¥L­Ì³£°µ¤°»ò¡H

2.¤°»ò¤~¬O¦X²zªº½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¨Ï¥Î¦æ¬°¡H

  ¡]what are the most sensible ways of generalizing about what happens online¡H¡^

3.ºô»Úºô¸ô³o¶Ç¼½¤u¨ã¬O«ç»ò¯A¤J­Ó¤HªºªÀ·|Ápô¡H

 ¡]what are the social implications of adding the Internet to a person¡¦s reperoire of communication tools¡H¡^

Method

1.¨ú¼Ë®É¶¡¡G2000¦~¤T¤ë¤@¸¹¦Ü¤K¤ë20

2.¼Ë¥»¼Æ¬ù¤@¸U2¥a¦W¬ü°ê¦¨¦~¤H¡]18·³¤Î¥H¤WªÌ¡^¡CÁ`¼Ë¥»¼Æ¬O12638¦W¨ü¸ÕªÌ¡A¥­§¡¦~ÄÖ42·³¡A79%ªº¥Õ¤H¡A12%ªº«D¸Ç¬ü°ê¤H¡F46%ªº¨k©Ê¡C±Ð¨|¤ô¥­¡A42%¬°°ª¤¤©Î¬O¤£¨ì°ª¤¤¾Ç¾úªÌ¡A29%¬°post-secondary¡A18%¬O¾Ç¤h¡A10%¬OºÓ¤h¾Ç¾ú

3.°w¹ï3506¦W¨ü¸ÕªÌ¡A¹ï2535°Ý¤Î¥L­Ì¤é±`ªº½u¤W¬¡°Ê¡AµM«á°Ý¤Î971¦W¨ü³XªÌ¨ä°²¤éªº½u¤W¦æ¬°¡C

A Typical Day¡¦s Activities Online

1.Table1.1¡G±N¤H­Ìªº½u¤W¨Ï¥Î¦æ¬°¤À¦¨¥|Ãþ¡F¡]a¡^29%ªººô¸ô¨Ï¥ÎªÌ©Ó»{¥ç¦b½u¤W§@¤@¨Ç¦³½ìªº¨Æ(¨Ò¦p¡G¥u¬O¦nª±ªºÂsÆlºô­¶¡B¹CÀ¸¡B±Hµo§Y®É°T®§)¡]b¡^¬ù¤T¤À¤§¤@ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ»¡¥L­Ì¥Hºô¸ô§@¬°¸ê°T¨ú±oµ¥¹ê¥Î¨ú¦V¡]¦p¡G·s»D¡B°]°Èª÷¿Ä°T®§¡^¡A¡]c¡^¬ù¤­¤À¤§¤@ªÌ¦b½u¤W±q¨Æ»P¤é±`¥Í¬¡¬ÛÃöªº­«­n¬¡°Ê¡]Àò¨ú°·±d¬ÛÃö¸ê°T¡B±q¨Æ»P¤u§@©Î¬O¾Ç®Õ¬ÛÃöªº¬ã¨s¡^¡]d.¡^¬ù¤Q¤À¤§¤@ªº¨ü³XªÌ±q¨Æ½u¤Wª÷¿Ä¥æ©ö¡]¶R½æªÑ²¼¡B®È¦æ¹w¬ù¡^

2.µo²{¡G

¡]a¡^    ©Ê§O®t²§¡G½u¤W®ø¶OªÌ¡]¨k©Ê26¢M¡A¤k©Ê15¢M¡^¡Aproduct information¡]¨k©Ê16%¡A¤k©Ê9¢M¡^¡A´M§äª÷¿Ä¡]¨k©Ê18%¡A¤k©Ê8%¡^¡B·j´M»P¤u§@¬ÛÃöªº¡]18%¨k©Ê¡A12%¤k©Ê¡^§ä´M»P¶Ý¦n¬ÛÃöªº°T®§¡]21%¨k©Ê¡A14%¤k©Ê¡^

¡]b¡^   ºØ±Ú®t²§¡Gºô¸ôªñ¥Î¤è­±«D¸Ç¬ü°ê¤H¤Ö©ó¥Õ¤H¡A¨Ï¥Î¦æ¬°¤è­±¡A49%ªº¥Õ¤H¨Ï¥Î»P¾\Ū¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡A¦Ó«D¸Ç¬ü°ê¤H«h¦³27%¨Ï¥Î¹q¤l¶l¥ó¡F21%¥Õ¤H¨Ï¥Î½u¤W¾\Ū·s»D¡B«D¸Ç¬ü°ê¤H«h¦³12%¡A20%¥Õ¤H¦]¦nª±¦ÓÂsÄýºô¸ô¡B«D¸Ç¬ü°ê¤H«h¦û14%¡C

A Predictive Model of Who Dose What

 ªí1.2¦C¥X¤F´ú¶q¨ÌÅܶµªº29­Ó¤£¦Pºô¸ô¨Ï¥Î¦æ¬°¡A©M¼Ò«¬ªº¦ÛÅܶµ¡G¦~ÄÖ¡B©Ê§O¡BºØ±Ú¡B±Ð¨|­I´º¡B©M¦¬¤J¡C

l        ¦~ÄÖ»P¬Y¨Çºô¸ô¨Ï¥Î¦æ¬°¨ãÅãµÛ¬ÛÃö¡C

l        ¤£¦PªººØ±Ú­I´º¦A¨Ï¥Î¦æ¬°¤W¥ç¹FÅãµÛ®t²§¡C

l        ±Ð¨|»Pºô¸ô¦æ¬°¶¡§e²{ª½±µ¡]straightforward¡^ªºÃö«Y

A User Typology

±q¤ÏÀ³ªÌ¦^µªªº¨â­Ó°ÝÃD¡G¡]1.¡^±µÄ²ºô¸ô¦h¤[¤F¡H¡]2.¡^¦b®a¶}¾÷ªºÀW²v¡H¥i¥H«Øºc¥X¤@¨ÇÃþ«¬¡G¡]Table 1.3¡BTable 1.4¡^

l        Netizens¡G¬ù¦û16%ªººô¸ô¦¨¦~¤H¤f¡B8%ªº¬ü°ê¦¨¤H¤H¤f¡F¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¬ù¦³3¦~¥H¤WªººôÄÖ¡A´X¥G¨C¤Ñ³£¦b®a¤Wºô¡C¥L­Ì±Nºô¸ô¿Ä¤J¥Í¬¡»P¤u§@¤¤¡A¥B¼Ö©óªá¶Oª÷¿ú¦b¤Wºô¡C¨Ã¨Ï¥Îºô¸ô°µ°]°ÈºÞ²z¡A§Q¥Î¹q¤l¶l¥óÁpô¤H»ÚÃö«Y¡C

l        Utilitarians¡G¬ù¦³28%ªº¦¨¦~ºô¸ô¤H¤f¡A14%ªº¬ü°ê¦¨¦~¤H¤f¡A¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦³3¦~¥H¤WªººôÄ֩άO2¡B3¦~«e¤~¶}©l±µÄ²ºô¸ô¡A¦³®É¤]·|¨C¤Ñ¦b®a¤Wºô¡C¥L­Ì§Q¥Îºô¸ô±q¨Æ³\¦h»P¥Í¬¡¬ÛÃöªº¤u§@¡Cºô¸ô¹ï¥L­Ì¦Ó¨¥¬O¤@ºØ¤u¨ã¡C

l        experimenters¡G¬ù¦³26%ªººô¸ô¦¨¦~¤H¤f»P13%ªº¬ü°ê¦¨¦~¤H¤f¡A¶}©l±µÄ²ºô¸ô¬O¦b2¡B3¦~«e¡A¦³ªº¬Æ¦Ü¬O¤@¦~¤§«e¡C³o¸sªì¾ÇªÌ¶È±Nºô¸ôµø¬°Àò±o¸ê°Tªº´C¤¶¡C

l        newcomers¡G¬ù¦³30%ªººô¸ô¦¨¦~¤H¤f»P15%ªº¬ü°ê¦¨¦~¤H¤f¡A¬ù¦A¤@¦~«e¬Æ¦Ü§óªñ¤@ÂIªº®É¶¡¤~±µÄ²ºô¸ô¡C¥L­Ì³ßÅwºô¸ô¤W³\¦h¦nª±ªº³¡¤À¡F©Ò¥L­Ì·|ª±¹CÀ¸¡BÂsÄý¡B°Ñ»P²á¤Ñ«Ç¡B¤U¸ü­µ¼Öµ¥¡C

Rhythms of Internet Use

   Table1.5³\¦hºô¸ô¨Ï¥ÎªÌ»{¬°ºô¸ô¤w³vº¥¿Ä¤J¥L­Ìªº¥Í¬¡¤¤¤F¡C­««×ªººô¸ô¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦³¤@¨Ç¥Í¬¡¼Ò¦¡¡A¶W¹L6¦¨¦¨ªº¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¥­®É·|«Ý¦bºô¤W¡A¦b©P¤é´Á¶¡«h¦³45%ªº¤H·|«Ý¦b½u¤W¡C

Table1.6¥»¬ã¨sªº¸ê®Æ¥ç¤ä«ùºô¸ôªº¨Ï¥Î¦b®a®x»P¤u§@³õ¦Xªº¬É½u³vº¥¼Ò½kªº³o¤@­Ó·Qªk¡CÃÒ¾Ú§Y¬O¦b®a»P¦b¤u§@³õ©Òºô¸ô¨Ï¥Îªº§ïÅÜ¡G¤H­Ì¦b¤u§@®É¨Ï¥Îºô¸ô±q¨Æ»P«D¤u§@ªº¦æ¬°¡A¦ý«o¦b®a¤¤§Q¥Îºô¸ô³B²z»P¤u§@¬ÛÃöªº¬¡°Ê¡C

Email Enhances the Social World of Internet Users

   ±ý±´°Qªº¬Oºô¸ô¨s³º¬O¼W¥[ªÀ·|Áp±aÁÙ¬OªÀ·|Ãö«YªºÃä½t¤Æ¡H¨ü³XªÌ§i¶D§Ú­Ì³\¦hªº¨Ò¤l¸Ì¡Aºô¸ôÂX®i¤FªÀ·|ºôµ¸¡C¦³¹L¥b¼Æªº¤H»{¬°¹q¤l¶l¥ó¼W¥[®a¤H»PªÀ¸s¶¡®a¤H¶¡ªºÁpô¡C¬ù¦³31%ªº¤H¶}©l¨Ï¥Î¹q¤l¶l¥ó»P®a¤HÁpô¦ý¤§«e±q¥¼±µÄ²¡C

¥t¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¬O¡G½u¤W¬¡°Ê¬O§_Âಾ¨Ï¥ÎªÌªºªÀ·|¤¬°Ê¡H³o¤@¬ã¨sµ²ªG»{¬°ºô¸ôÂX®i¤FªÀ·|ªºÁpô¦Ó«D´î¤ÖªÀ·|Ápô¡C¬ü°êªººô¸ô¨Ï¥Î±Ú¸s¾Ö¦³§ó¦hªºªÀ·|¬¡°Ê¬Æ©ó«D¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¡A¦Ó³o¤]»¡©ú¤@³¡¤Àªº­ì¦]§Y¬Oºô¸ô¨Ï¥Îªº¤£§¡¿Å²`¨üªÀ¸g¦a¦ì¼vÅT¡C¡]Table.1.7¡^

 

Conclusion

1.     ³\¦h¬ü°ê¤H±Nºô»Úºô¸ô¯Ç¤J¥L­Ìªº¤é±`¥Í¬¡¡A¦Ó³o¤]¤Ï¬M¥X¥L­Ìªº½u¤W¦æ¬°Ãþ«¬¡C¬ù¦³¤@¥bªººô¸ô¨Ï¥ÎªÌ»{¬°ºô¸ô¼W¶i®a¤H»PªB¤ÍªºÁpô¡C¬ù¥|¤À¤§¤Tªººô¸ô¨Ï¥ÎªÌ»{¬°ºô¸ô¼W¥[¥L­Ì¾Ç²ß¤ß¨Æª«ªº¯à¤O¡C

2.     ¤H¤f²Î­pÅܶµ¤¤ªº½Ñ¦h¦]¯À¼vÅT¤F¤H­Ìªººô¸ô¨Ï¥Î¡A¦Ó¨ä¤¤¹ï©óºô¸ô¦æ¬°¹w´ú¤O³Ì°ªªº¬Oºô¸ô¨Ï¥Î¸gÅ窺ªø«×»P¦b®aªº¶}¾÷ÀW²v¡C

 

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